PHRD5015 Lecture 15 (Ju) - Intro to Immunology

• 1) skin
• 2) mucous membranes

innate immune system

• 1) engulf
• 2) eliminate
• 3) induce inflammation
• 4) call & activate adaptive system

• 1) PAMPs
• 2) DAMPs
• 3) absence of self markers

TLR recognizes & binds to microbial ligand -> IRAK1/4 complex -> TRAF -> TAK1 -> MAPK pathway + p-IKK -> p-IB -> NF-B  release & translocation to nucleus

DC TLR recognizes/binds PAMPs -> migration to lymph nodes -> presentation of Ag-MHC complex + costimulatory molecules -> naive T cell activation

• 1) derived from thymus
• 2) survey surfaces of body cells
• 3) release lymphokines & cytotoxic mediators
• 4) must come in contact w/ infected cells to kill

• 1) derived from bone marrow
• 2) release antibodies
• 3) protect extracellular spaces (tissue fluids, blood, secretions)
• 4) neutralization of pathogens does not require contact with B cell

activates cytotoxic (Tc) cells & macrophages

activates B cells (promoting Ig production)

Ab response

antibodies

• 1) TCRs
• 2) B cell receptors

10¹⁴

epitope

6-12hrs

• 1) FasL
• 2) perforins
• 3) granzymes

Main fcn: target-cell destruction

• 1) TNF-
• 2) IFN-
• 3) GM-CSF
• Main fcn: promote macrophage activation

• 4) IL-2
• Main fcn: activate CTLs

• 1) CD40L
• 2) IL-4
• 3) IL-5
• 4) IL-6

Main fcn: B-cell activation

IL-3

CD4

CD8

• 1) CD4⁺CD25⁺
• 2) IL-10 expression
• 3) suppress immune response (negative regulation)

• 1) barriers
• 2) phagocytes
• 3) pattern recognition molecules (complement, TLRs)

• 1) lymphocytes
• 2) Ag-specific receptors
• 3) Ab's

IgG

IgA

IgD

IgM

IgE