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Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- MoA: Incr Na+ activation
- Used for: Partial seizures
- SE: Gingival hyperplasia, coarsening of facial features, ataxia
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Carbamazapine (Tegretol)
- MoA: Incr Na activation
- Used for: Partial seizures
- SE: Hyponatremia, agranulocytosis, diplopia
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Valproic acid (Depakote)
- MoA: Incr Na channel activation and GABA concentration
- Used for: Partial and generalized seizures
- SE: GI sx, tremor, weight gain, hair loss, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia
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Phenobarbital
- MoA: Increases GABAa action
- Used for: Partial and generalized seizures
- SE: Sedation
-
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
- MoA: Blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels
- Used for: Absence seizures
- SE: GI sx
-
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
- MoA: Inhibits HVA Ca channels
- Used for: Partial seizures
- SE: Sedation, ataxia
-
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
- MoA: Blocks voltage gated Na channels
- Used for: Partial and generalized seizures
- SE: Rash, Steven-Johnson syndrome
-
Topiramate (Topamax)
- MoA: Blocks Na channels and incr GAGA action
- Used for: Partial and generalized seizures
- SE: Word-finding difficulty, renal stones, weight loss
-
Tiagabine (Gabitril)
- MoA: inhibits GABA reuptake
- Used for: Partial seizures
- SE: Sedation
-
Levetiracetam (Keppra)
- MoA: May modulate GABA and gluamate release
- Used for: Particial and generalized seizures
- SE: Insomnia, anxiety, irritability
-
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)
- MoA: Na channel
- Used for: Partial seizures
- SE: Sedation and hyponatremia
-
Zonisamide (Zonegran)
- MoA: Unknown
- Used for: partial and generalized seizures
- SE: Sedation, renal stones, weight loss
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