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Corrections Chapter 7.txt
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Trends in the Prison Population since the 1980s
rise in elderly prisoners, minority prisoners, juveniles waived to adult status, and drug and property offenders
Racial Disparity
often times there are more minorities in prisons than whites
this occurs because minorities tend to have:
1) higher poverty rates
2) higher arrest rates
3) higher drug usage
4) higher percentage of crimes committed against them
Designs of Prisons
radial design
telephone pole design
courtyard style
campus style
Maximum Security
designed to minimize the possibility of escapees and violence
strict limitations on inmates and visitors
38% of state inmates
strict routines
frequent head counts
structures are built to last and tend to be older
Medium Security
designed to prevent escapees and violence
less rigid than in maximum security facilities
43% of state inmates
more privileges and contact with outside world
campus or courtyard style
razor-wire and guard towers remain
Minimum Security
design and organized to permit inmates and visitors as much freedom as consistent with the concept of incarceration
19% of state inmates
lacks guard towers and walls
prisoners live in dormitories or small private rooms
more personal freedom
still a prison
Female Inmates
many women who enter prison are pregnant or have young children
have more hygienic needs than men
substance abuse issues
women have generally been the caretakers for their children
incarcerated women often have a history of sexual and physical abuse
gender issues (correctional officer-inmate relationship)
Women Prisoners as Mothers
the separation of female inmates from their children is one of the greatest challenges in prison administration today
increasing number of women come to prison pregnant
greater need for medical stall
programs have developed to aid the inmate to bond with her infant
parenting programs for inmates to stay connected to their children
Girl Scouts Behind Bars
Classification of Female Prisoners
classified like male inmates
as accomplices to men, they were given the same security classification
"over classification" became a barrier to successful reentry
reduced points for certain types of crimes
recognized that having children and close ties to communities makes females less of a risk
many females are moved to less secure prisons
Challenges of Female Inmates
parenting issues and medical care
employment barriers - single parent lacking education and/or vocational skills
mental health - exhibit more mental health issues
substance abuse
Programming Change for Female Inmates
Barefield v. Leach - equal programs needed to be provided for male and female inmates
Pargo v. Elliot - differences in programming between male and female prison did not violate Equal Protection
these led to expanded programing for females and additional facilities to allow female inmates to serve time closer to their families
Author
Anonymous
ID
243443
Card Set
Corrections Chapter 7.txt
Description
corrections chapter 7
Updated
2013-10-28T20:19:35Z
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