Bio. 205

  1. The strength of a muscle contraction will increase as the strength of the stimulation is increased. This increase in contraction strength is due to ______ as the stimulus becomes stronger.
    Additional motor units being recruited
  2. How can ATP be regenerated within muscle cells?
    • Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creating phosphate
    • Glycolysis
    • aerobic respiration
  3. A ______ is the simplest of skeletal muscle actions. It results from only one stimulus.
    muscle twitch
  4. ______ is responsible for peristalsis
    smooth muscle
  5. Forcing a muscle to work hard promotes increased muscle strength and endurance. This principal is called the _____.
    the overload principle
  6. The _____ is the dense regular connective tissue that surrounds a group of muscle fibers (a fasicle).
    Perimysium
  7. The type of muscle that is found within the walls of dermal capillaries in the skin is ______.
    smooth muscle
  8. Each of the following is a structural characteristic of smooth muscle except _______.
    Smooth muscle cells have striations
  9. Which of the following has uninucleate cells?
    • Smooth muscle
    • Cardiac muscle
  10. This type of skeletal muscle fiber has a fast speed of contraction, primarily uses aerobic pathways to generate ATP, and may become more common after repeated endurance (aerobic) exercise
    Fast oxidative fibers
  11. A motor unit consists of
    • A motor neuron
    • All muscle fibers that are connected to a particular motor neuron
  12. The velocity and duration of muscular contraction is influenced by ______.
    • The muscle fiber type
    • The load being placed on the muscle
    • The number of muscle fibers being recruited
  13. ________ occurs when a skeletal muscle loses its ability to contract during strenuous exercise.
    Muscle fatigue
  14. The force of a muscle contraction can be affected by
    • Recruitment of motor units
    • Size of the muscle fibers
    • The frequency of stimulation
    • The length- tension relationship
  15. This compound stores extra oxygen within muscle cells.
    Myoglobin
  16. A muscle will not react until the stimulation is of a certain strength, called the ______.
    Threshold Stimulus
  17. What are the 4 characteristics of muscles?
    • excitability
    • contractility
    • extensibility
    • elasticity
  18. What are the 3 coverings of skeletal muscles?
    • perimysium
    • epimysium
    • endomysium
  19. Each axon ending gives off several short, curling branches that collectively form ________ or end plate.
    neuromuscular junction
  20. What are the 3 phases of a muscle twitch?
    • Latent
    • Contraction
    • Relaxation
  21. What occurs to a skeletal muscle when the rate of stimulation is increased?
    unfused or fused tetanus during low frequency stimulation
  22. muscle is always a little contracted?
    muscle tone
  23. muscle tone allows ________, stabilizes joints, and help to maintain posture.
    muscles to be ready for activity
  24. This is stored in muscles and is used as back up ATP.
    creatine phosphate
  25. The physiological inability to contract a muscle is called ________.
    muscle fatigue or oxygen debt
Author
Shelby21
ID
243404
Card Set
Bio. 205
Description
Chap. 9
Updated