Ch. 15 Psychological Disorders

uncommon disorder

Violates cultural rules

interferes with life

personal suffering

failure of psychological system

illness due to evil spirits

illness due to physical disorder (asylums)

labeling someone with a condition; stereotyping people with that condition. Creating a division with a superior us group and a devalued tem group resulting in loss of status in community. Discriminating against someone because of their condition

frequent, unexpected panic attacks with persistent concerns

episodes of extreme fear and physical symptoms

apprehension, dread or uneasiness

intense fears of objects, places or situations

strong frear of situation difficult to escape

fear of pubic embarrassment

continuous, unfocused anxiety and worry. worry all the time. not specific.

• Obsessions: unwanted repetitive, irrational, and disurbing thoughts
• Compulsions: repetitive actions performed to alleviate obsessions

• Emotional disturbance after experiencing a stressful event, life threatening or physically dangerous situations
• Experiences intense fear, hoplessness, horror

persistent feelings of sadness, being overwhelmed loss of interest and motivation

Symptoms: sad, overwhelmed, loss of interest, lastsat least 2 weeks (often months or years), feeliings of worthlessness, hopelessness, guilt, suicidal thoughts or actions, weight loss, sleep disturbances, trouble concentrating and making decisions, severe impaiment, occupational functioning

long term (at least 2 years) low grade depression. Symptoms less intense than major depressive disorder

depression after having a baby

get sad during winter area.

• extreme mood swings over extended periods of time
• Mania- extreme euphoria, physical energy, rapid thoughts and speech
• Depression
• There are periods of normalcy

• alternating depression and hypomania (not full mania)
• lesser degree of Bipolar I

• thought disorder charactorized by distorted beliefs, perceptions, thought processes
• Psychotic Symptoms- serious, profound distortions of reality. Delusions: falsely held beliefs
• Hallucinations: false or distorted perceptions that seem real

• Disorganized speech and behavior
• Catatonic Symptoms: movement problems and immobility

Echolalia: repeating words over and over

delusions, hallucinations, or both

extremely disturbed movements or actions

disorganized speech/behavior; inappropriate/flat affect

mental disorders joint product of genetic vulnerability and stressors that trigger it

personality traits are inflexible, stable, expressed in a variety of situation and lead to distress

odd, eccentric

• Paraniod-distrust, suspcious
• Schizotypal- intense discomfort in social situations; odd thinking
• Schizoid- detachment from social relationships, limited expression

dramatic, erratic

• Histronic- attention sseeking, overdramatic, shallow, seductive
• Narcissistic- grandiose sense of self importance, need constant attention
• Antisocial- violate rights of others, lying, stealing, lack of remorse
• Borderline- unstable relationships, recurrent suicide attempts, avoid abandonment, identity disturbance

anxious, fearful

• Avoidant- fear of social rejection, no risks because fear embarrassment
• Dependent- excessive reliance on others
• Obsessive Compulsive- preoccupied with organization, rules, stubborn

superficial charm, dishonesty, manipulativeness, self-centerdness, risk taking.

generally in males

increase CNS activity; sedative/hypnotic = calming/sleep inducing

increase CNS activity

tobacco, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamines

reduce pain, sense of euphoria

dramatically altered perception, mood and thoughts; hallucinations

marijuana, LSD, ecstasy