a groups formal and informal means of enforcing its norms
Labeling theory
the view that the labels people are given affect their own and other's percetptions of them. So either conform of deviate
Wealth vs Income
Wealth= The total value of everything someone owns minus the debts
Income=Money received from job
Power
The ability to carry out your will even with resistance
Prestige
respect or regard
Underclass
a group of people for whom poverty persists
Intergenerational Mobility
The change that family members make in social class from one generation to the next
Upward and downward social mobility
moving up or down in social latters
Poverty line
the official measure of poverty
Feminization of poverty
a condition in which most women ran households are broke
Culture of poverty
The assumption that the values and behaviors of the poor make them different from others
Gender
the behaviors and attitudes that a society considers proper for its males and females
Sex
biological characteristics that define male and female
SOCIAL CONSTRUCT
WHen born and given blue for a boy and girl pink
Patriarchy
men as a group dominating women as a group authority is vested in males
feminism
the philosophy that men and women should be socially equal
glass ceiling
the mostly invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing in top levels
Gender Stratification
Males and femals unequal access to property power and prestige
race
a group whose inherited physical characteristics distinguish them from others
Ethnicity
having distinctive cultural characteristics
discrimination
an acto of unfair treatment directed against an indivdual or group
racism
not liking someone based on race
prejudice
prejudging in a negative way
dominate group
the group with the most power, highes social status etc
individual discrimination
person to person discrimination
institutional discrimination
negative treatment to a group of minority that is built into societies institutions
assimilations
the process of being absorbed into the main stream culture
pluralism
the diffusion of power among many interest groups that prevents any single group from gaining control of the government
multiculturalism
a policy that permits or encourages ethnic differences
life expectancy
the number of years that an average person at any age can expect to live
graying of america
the growing percentage of older people in the u.s population
life span
the maximum life of a species
ageism
prejudice and discriminations directed against people because of their age
age cohrt
people born at roughly the same time who pass through life courses together
dependency ratio
the number of workers who are required to support each dependent person
Status Consistency
ranking high or low on all three dimensions of social class
Status inconsistency
ranking high on some dimensions of social class and low on others
social order
a groups usual and customary social arrangement on which its members depend and on which they base their lives
False
Biological factors including genetics explain the reason why people commit criminal acts
T or F
True
Crime is simply on example of deviance t or f
False
Functionalist believe deviance has no useful purose in society and only contributes to social chaos
T or F
False
T or F: Poverty is relatively equally distributed in america by state and between rural urban settings
False
Defining Social class in America is an objective science because their are clear cut agreed upon definitions of each social class T or F
False
T or F: Labeling theory, differential association theory, and control theory all represent the conflict perspective
True
T or F: Functionalist would contend that the growing crime rates among women are the resutl of changing social location and gender roles, giving women greater access to illegitimate opportunities.
Genetic predisposition
inborn tendencies to commit criminal actis
techniques of netralization
ways of thinking ofrationalizing that help people to deflect societys rules
degradation ceremony
a term to describe an attempt to remake the self by stripping away an individuals self identity and stamping a new identity in its place