chapter 5

a collection of people who share some attribute, identify with one another, and interact with each other

a temporary gathering of people in a public place whose members may interact but do not identify with each other and will not remain in contact

a crowd is one example of a ?

a collection of people who share a physical location but do not have lasting social relations

____ groups usually involve more face to face interaction, greater cooperation and deeper feelings of belonging

ex of primary group?

larger, less personal groups are known as?

____ groups are usually organized around a specific activity or the accomplishment of a task

the web of direct and indirect ties connecting an individual to other people

loss of sense of connection in the modern world

the patterns of interaction between groups and individuals

what does group dynamics include?

the smallest possible social group

what type of group is unstable because of the size

a _____ is more stable than a dyad because conflicts between 2 members can be mediated by the third

how many relationships does a group of 2 have? 3? 4? 5?

a group that a person identifies with and feels loyalty toward

a group that a person feels opposition, rivalry, or hostility toward

a group that provides a standard of comparison against which people evaluate themselves

the sense of solidarity or loyalty that individuals feel toward a group to which they belong

the tendency of very cohesive groups to enforce a high degree of conformity among members creating a demand for unanimous agreement

the influence of one's fellow group members on individual attitudes and behaviors

when we conform to group norms because we want to gain acceptance and approval

when we conform to avoid rejection and disapproval

actions to gain reward or avoid punishment

the mildest form of conformity

conformity to establish or maintain a relationship with a person or group

an individual adopts the beliefs or actions of a group and makes them his or her own

the strongest type of conformity

a group almost always outperforms an individual but rarely performs as well as it could in theory

A groups efficiency usually declines as its size increases because organizing takes time and ____ ____ increases with group size

the degree to which they identify with the group

the ability to control the actions of others

backed by the threat or force

supported by persuasion

who identified 3 types of authority found in social organizations?

authority based in custom, birthright, or divine right and is usually associated with monarchies and dynasties

authority based in laws, rules and procedures

authority based in the perception of remarkable personal qualities in a leader

leadership that is task or goal oriented

what type of leader is less concerned with people's feelings than with getting the job done

concerned with maintaining emotional and relational harmony within the group because this will lead to a positive work environment and improved productivity

a type of secondary group designed to perform tasks efficiently

______ are impersonal by efficient, and they provide many basic necessities

who coined the term mcdonalization?

describes the spread of bureaucratic rationalization and the resulting increase in both efficiency and dehumanization