differentiate between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis
medical asepsis is any practice that reduces the number and spread of microorganisms
surgical asepsis is the process that eliminates completely all microorgansims and their spores from the surface of an object
when entering a surgical suite and preparing to enter zone 2, the radiographer must do what:
change into a scrub suit, don shoe covers, and cover his/her
list the three most common causes of a contamination of a surgical site
use of contaminated instruments or gloves
microorganisms blown into the surgical site
a wet or damp field
T or F:
Maintenance of the sterile field is the duty of only the circulating nurse
false
Alcohol is used to disinfect what two important objects
thermometers and medication vials
T or F:
when opening a sterile wrapper the fold closest to the radiographer is opened first
false
what is the purpose of the surgical scrub
to remove as many microorganisms as possible
what are the three responsibilities of tech in an operating room
protect himself and all persons in the OR or special procedures room from exposure to radiation
to be knowledgeable concerning the areas that are sterile
protect sterile areas and the patient from contamination
when entering the OR the tech must don a lead apron and his radiation protection badge must go where?
outside the lead apron under the surgical gown
any dressing removed in the imaging department must be considered what?
contaminated
when sterile drapes are placed by the sterile person the drape is placed where?
in the area nearest sterile person
if the radiographer is allergic to latex gloves he must do what?
proceed with the procedure but use non latex gloves
T or F:
sterile technique must be used during a dressing change only id the dressing is not contaminated
false
what is any medical procedure called that involves penetration of the body tissues
invasive procedure
You must be able to recognize ______ in aseptic technique and also be able to
remedy the problem quickly. If not, contamination will go unrecognized and
infection may result.
breaches
What the three zones of the OR suite
1st – unrestricted, people may enter in street clothes.
2nd – semi-restricted, persons who are dressed in scrub clothing, mask, and shoe covers.
3rd – restricted zone, persons wearing scrubs suits, mask, cap, shoe covers and sterile applications. Those directly involved on the operation are dressed in sterile gowns and sterile gloves and are often referred to as “being scrubbed.”
before entering the OR when a surgical procedure is in progress all personnel must put on what?
surgical mask
where is air pressure greater
Air pressure in the OR should be greater than in the outside corridors.
explain and list physical methods of disinfecting
Boiling: Not very effective because many spores can resist the heat of boiling for many hours.
Ultraviolet Irradiation: UV radiation kills microorganisms it comes in contact with. Not practical for hospital use.
List some methods of sterilization
Steam Under Pressure
Chemical Sterilization
Ethylene
If the sterility of an item is questionable, it is not to be considered sterile.
what areas are considered sterile
Anything that drops below the waist/tabletop is no longer considered sterile.
The only part of a sterile gown considered sterile are the areas from the waist to the shoulders in the front and the sleeves from 2 inches above the elbow to the cuffs.
before opening a sterile pack what must we check
expiration date and condition of pack
what are sterilization indicators
Indicators are placed in the center and outside of each sterile package to be sterilized. When the indicator changes color, it is proof that the contents of the package have been appropriately sterilized.
what are all the steps in opening a sterile pack
Using freshly washed hands, place the pack on the table with the sealed end toward you.
Remove tape from cloth or outer plastic covering.
Open the corner away from you and back from the pack first.
Open all other corner with the front flap being last.
Do not touch contents of pack. It is considered sterile.
To drop sterile items on pack/tray, grasp the corners of the wrapped item and open item. Gently flip item on to sterile field being careful to not contaminated.
what are sterile forceps
Large serrated ring device with ratchet closures.
Using clean hands grasp the object to be transferred with serrated ring at the end of the forceps.
Be careful not to contaminate the sterile end of the forceps.
what is autonomy
have a duty to preserve and protect the right of each individual to make his/her own choices.
what is beneficence
shall treat persons served in an ethical manner by actively making efforts to provide for their well-being by maximizing possible benefits and relieving, lessening, or minimizing possible harm.
what is justice
are responsible for ensuring that individuals are served fairly and that there is equity in the distribution of services. Individuals should receive services without regard to race, color, creed, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability/disease, social and financial status.
what is nonmalificience
have an obligation to use their knowledge, skills, abilities, and judgment to help persons while respecting their decisions and protecting them from harm.
