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What is the stuff that makes up everything in the universe called?
The stuff that makes up everything in the universe is called matter.
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What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
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Each specific substance has its own combination of properties or ___?___ that can be used to identify the substance.
Each specific substance has its own combination of properties or characteristics that can be used to identify the substance.
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What are the building blocks of all matter?
Atoms are the building blocks of all matter
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All the different kinds of matter in the universe are made from about 100 different substances called?
All the different kinds of matter in the universe are made from about 100 different substances called elements.
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An element is a substance that cannot be ________ ________ into any other substances by chemical or physical means.
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means.
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All matter is composed of _________, and each elements is made up of tiny particles called ________?
All matter is composed of elements, and each element is made up of tiny particles called atoms.
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Each element has its own _____?______ that represents the name of the element.
Each element has its own symbol that represents the name of the element.
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What combines to form compounds?
Elements combine to form compounds.
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A compound is a substance made of two or more elements combined how?
A compound is a substance made of two or more elements combined chemically.
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Elements are combined in a specific __?___.
Elements are combined in a specific ratio.
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Each compound is represented by a ____?____ that shows the ratio of elements in the compound.
Each compound is represented by a formula that shows the ratio of elements in the compound.
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The smallest portion of a compound that still has all the properties of that compound is a ____?_____ of that compound.
The smallest portion of a compound that still has all the properties of that compound is a molecule of that compound.
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Two or more atoms bonded together are called ___?____.
Two or more atoms bonded together are called molecules.
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The substances in a compound do not keep their ____?______.
The substances in a compound do not keep their individual properties.
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A mixture is made from two or more substances (elements, compounds, or both) that are together in a the same place but not _______ ________.
A mixture is made from two or more substances (elements, compounds, or both) that are together in the same place but not chemically combined.
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The substances in a mixture do not keep their _________ __________.
The substances in a mixture do not keep their individual properties.
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The parts of a mixture are not present in a specific ____?_____.
The parts of a mixture are not present in a specific ratio.
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What are the two types of mixtures?
- The two types of mixtures are:
- Heterogeneous
- Homogeneous
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Describe a heterogeneous mixture?
A heterogeneous mixture appears to be different throughout.
- Examples of heterogeneous mixtures include...
- snickers bars
- concrete
- soil
- chocolate chip cookies
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Describe a homogeneous mixture.
A homogeneous mixture appears to be the same throughout.
- Examples of homogeneous mixtures include... water
- sugar
- crest toothpaste
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Matter can change both ______?______ and chemically.
Matter can change both physically and chemically.
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A new substance is NOT formed during a ______?_______ change.
A new substance is NOT formed during a physical change.
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A new substance is formed during a __________?__________ change.
A new substance is formed during a chemical change.
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A change that alters the form or appearance of a material but does not make the material into another substance is a physical change.
Examples of physical changes are...
- Physical changes are...
- bending
- freezing
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Changes of state are always ___?____ changes.
Changes of state are always physical changes.
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What are the two ways matter can change?
- Matter can change in two ways...
- Physical changes
- Chemical changes
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Rusting, baking, and burning are all examples of what type of change?
Rusting, baking and burning are all examples of a chemical change.
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A change in matter that produces new substances made of the same elements as the original substances is an example of what type of change?
A change in matter that produces new substances made of the same elements as the original substances is an example of a chemical change.
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_____?_____ is the amount of matter in an object?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
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What instrument is used to measure mass?
The triple beam balance is used to measure mass.
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What units are used to measure mass?
Mass is measured in grams (g).
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The amount of space an object takes up is known as ____?_____.
The amount of space an object takes up is known as volume.
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What is the formula for measuring the volume of a regular-shaped object?
The formula for measuring the volume of a regular-shaped object is:
L x W x H
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The method used to find the volume of an irregular-shaped object is known as....
The method used to find the volume of an irregular-shaped object is known as displacement.
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What are the units for volume?
- The units for volume are...
- mL and cm3
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What is the formula for density?
- The formula for density is...
- D= M/V
- The units are g/mL or g/cm3
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What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest particle of an element.
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What is an element?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means.
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What is chemical change?
Chemical change is a change in matter that produces new substances.
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What is mass?
Mass is a measure of how much matter is in an object.
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What is a mixture?
A mixture is two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined.
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What is a physical change?
A physical change is a change that alters the form or appearance of a substance but does not make the material into another substance.
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What is density?
Density is the measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume.
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What is a compound?
A compound is a substance made of two or more substances that creates a new material.
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What is a molecule?
A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms that are bonded together.
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What does soluble mean?
When something is soluble it is able to be dissolved in a liquid... especially water.
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What is a pure substance?
A pure substance is a sample of matter (either an element or a compound, that consists of only one component with definite physical and chemical properties and a definite composition.
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What is a chemical property?
A chemical property is a property of an element or compound in a chemical reaction. For example, the fact that sodium reacts with water in a chemical property.
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What is a physical property?
A physical property is a property of an element or compound that can be observed without a chemical reaction of the substance. A substance's color and density are examples of physical properties.
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What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture?
A pure substance has only one kind of atom or molecule.
A mixture has a number of different pure substances mixed together.
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Examples of pure substances include...
- Pure substances include...
- Hydrogen
- Helium
- Carbon
- Pure Water
- Table Salt
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What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?
A mixture is formed two or more different substances are mixed together, while a compound is formed when two or more elements become chemically combined together.
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What is matter made up of ________?
Matter is made up of atoms.
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What is the difference between a substance that is soluble and a substance that is insoluble?
A substance that is soluble will dissolve in water while a substance that is insoluble will not dissolve in water.
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Give three examples of substances that are not matter....
- Examples of substances that are not matter are...
- light
- heat
- energy
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Examples of physical changes include...
- Physical changes include....
- Dry ice (goes from a solid to a gas) at room temperature
- Salt dissolving in water
- Freezing grape juice
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Examples of chemical changes include...
Chemical changes include...
- Wood burns in a fireplace
- Your bike rusting if you leave it outside for a long period
- Baking brownies
- Digesting food
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A physical property is..
- A physical property is ...
- Water boils at 100 degrees
- Diamonds have the ability to cut glass
- Iron fillings are magnetic
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A chemical property is...
- Chemical properties are...
- Iodine is a yellow gas at room temperature
- Hydrogen reacts with oxygen gas to produce water
- Baking soda foams when added to vinegar
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When measuring volume....
Use volume when measuring a liquid.
Formula: L x W x H
Units: cm3
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Mass is the measurement of ____?
Mass is the measurement of matter.
Tool: Triple Beam Balance
Units: grams (g)
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When measuring length....
Length (is the distance between two points)
Tool: Metric ruler
Units: (m)
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