HSCI 003 Chapter 7 Pathology

inflammation of the glomerulus within the kidney

kidney stones (renal calculi)

group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine.

multiple filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney.

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma.

cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood.

• decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function.
• acute (ARF) or chronic (CRF)
• chronic kidney disease (CKD)

• high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
• most common form of secondary hypertension.

malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

malignant tumor of the urinary bladder

• measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney.
• glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

x-ray images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney.

x-ray examination (with contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.

imaging of the urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves.

image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance (radioistope) into the bloodstream.

changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body.

direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope).

• process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood.
• hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD)

• urinary tract stones are crushed by shock waves
• extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsey (ESWL)

dilation of narrowed areas in the renal arteries.

removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination.