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Electric circuit
A closed path along which electrons that are powered by an energy source can flow.
eg. battery, generator, motor
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Voltaic Cell
A source of energy that generates an electric current by chemical reactions involving two different metals or metal compounds separated by a solution that is a conductor.
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Battery
A connection of 2 or more cells
1 cell = 1.5 V
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Electrode
One of two metal terminals in a cell
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Electrolyte
a liquid or gel which contains ions and can be decomposed by electrolysis, e.g. that present in a battery.
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Dry cell
an electric cell in which the electrolyte is absorbed in a solid to form a paste, preventing spillage.
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Wet cell
a primary electric cell in which the electrolyte is a liquid.
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Primary cell
an electric cell that produces current by an irreversible chemical reaction.
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Secondary cell
storage cell; a cell that can be recharged
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Fuel cell
a cell producing an electric current direct from a chemical reaction.
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Solar cell
a device converting solar radiation into electricity.
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Terminal
a point of connection for closing an electric circuit.
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Switch
a device for making and breaking the connection in an electric circuit.
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Open circuit
consisting of or containing an open electric circuit.
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Electric current
a flow of electricity through a conductor
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Coulomb
the SI unit of electric charge, equal to the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampere.
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Ampere
a unit of electric current equal to a flow of one coulomb per second.
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Electrical resistance
a material's opposition to the flow of electric current; measured in ohms
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Resistor
a device having resistance to the passage of an electric current.
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Load
A device or the resistance of a device to which power is delivered.
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Potential difference (voltage)
the difference of electrical potential between two points.
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Volt
the unit for potential difference equivalent to one joule
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Circuit diagram
a simplified conventional graphical representation of an electrical circuit.
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Series circuit
a circuit having its parts connected serially
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Parallel circuit
a closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit
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Ohm’s law
a law stating that electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance.
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Ohm (Ω)
the SI unit of electrical resistance, transmitting a current of one ampere when subjected to a potential difference of one volt.
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Superconductor
A conductor with no electrical resistance
e.g. Mercury
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Non-ohmic
resistors have changing ratios, and are defined by their instantaneous resistance
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Loads in Series
Loads that are in a series connection
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Loads in Parallel
Loads that are in a parallel connection
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