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concepts of family
tends to exist backward & forward in time
individuals is seen as product of generation
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family orientation
group vs. individual interest and needs
group priorities vs. individual pursuits
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hierarchical role structure
patriarchy vs. egalitarian role structure
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male oriented
this norm is changing in many AA families
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filial piety
cornerstone of many Asian families
it's the unquestioned obligation of children to respect, obey and care for parents
but parents are also obligated to care for he children
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Shame
involves a violation of social & personal standards but w/ public external consequences calling attention to the unacceptable act
interpersonal harmony in family is important b/c family of all members are to be at fault
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Guilt
in contrast to shame, it involves a violation of personal standards that results in personal anxiety and self punishment
applies to white society
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What is the trait of traditional AA families?
primarily traditional/collectivistic
little contact w/ mainstream community
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What is the trait of assimilated AA families?
primarily mainstream/ individualistic
little contact w/ their ethnic community
3rd or 4th generation
- speak more English @ home
- prefer Anglo-Americans
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What is the trait of bicultural AA families?
uphold both traditional & mainstream values
prefer both in & out group members
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Chao (1995)
examined difference in the effects of parenting style & parent adolescent relationships on school performance of 1st & 2nd generation Chinese American & European American adolescent
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Authoritative parenting
Parents are ABOVE average in involvement/acceptance and ABOVE average in strictness/supervision
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Authoritarian parenting
Parents are BELOW average in terms of involvement/acceptance and ABOVE average in strictness/supervision
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What is the result of Chao's research, particularly in school grades?
a) School grades: 1st generation Chinese Americans > 2nd generation Chinese Americans > European Americans
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What is the result of Chao's research, particularly in school effort?
b) School effort: 1st and 2nd generations Chinese Americans > European Americans
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What is the result of Chao's research, particularly in authoritative parenting style?
c) Authoritative parenting style: 1st and 2nd generations Chinese Americans = European Americans
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What is the result of Chao's research, particularly in authoritarian parenting style?
d) Authoritarian parenting style: 1st and 2nd generation Chinese Americans > European Americans
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What were the effects of authoritarian vs. authoritative families toward school performance between Asian Americans and European Americans?
No differences in school performance between 1st and 2nd generation Chinese students from authoritarian vs. authoritative families
European Americans from authoritative families outperformed European Americans from authoritarian families
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What is the effect of authoritative parenting
Authoritative parenting had consistently more positive effects on both school grades and school effort for European Americans compared with Chinese Americans
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Through Chao's research, what was the data for Relationship closeness?
No significant differences in degree of relationship closeness between 1st and 2nd generation Chinese Americans and European Americans
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What is the pros of fostering parental closeness?
mutually satisfying relationship
children strive for better performance
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What is the opposing view for fostering parental closeness?
Parental closeness ≠ fostering school achievement.
School achievement is derived from “training” and emphasizing hard work, obedience, and self-discipline
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How can parental guilt induction influence toward children?
"I worked hard for you, so you should work hard for me"
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