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culture
- a social group's shared values, traditions, norms, behaviors
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- ->transmitted through generations
- -> fluid = undergo changes over a period of time
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acculturation
changes experienced as a result of contact w/ a new culture
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enculturation
process of socialization to & maintenance of the norms of one's native culture, including the salient values, ideas & concepts
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What is the earlier definition of acculturation?
What are the cons?
process of change that occurs when individuals from different cultures interact
- unidimensional view
- simplistic understanding
- one way, direct effect
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acculturation
process of adaptation that occurs when distinct cultures come into sustained contact
- multidimensional
- different degrees of culture learning
- maintenance components involved
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At what age are people harder to become acculturated?
older people
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Berry's Bilinear Model of Acculturation
Acculturation modes that lead to a particular response to the host culture
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What are the two dimensions of Berry's Bilinear Model of Acculturation?
Dimension 1: Individual’s attitude toward maintenance of the native culture and identity
Dimension 2: Individual’s preferred level and type of interaction with the host culture
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Integration
proficient in the culture of the dominant group while still retaining proficiency in the heritage culture
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separation
not interested in learning the culture of the dominant group & maintains only one's heritage culture
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assimilation
absorb the culture of the dominant group while rejecting the norms of the heritage culture
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marginalization
no interest in maintaining or acquiring proficiency in any culture, dominant or heritage
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Which group have the healthiest acculturation strategy?
- the group that use integration
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Which group resides to those who are similar to them?
the group that use separation
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Which group is highly unlikely to occur?
the group that use assimilation
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Which group has no interest in either culture?
the group that use marginalization
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acculturative stress
challenges & difficulties as a result to change and the presence of unfamiliar external social & physical environment conditions
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What are the causal factors for acculturative stress?
language & communication
learning/adapting to new conventions
lack of support network
acquiring new skills to navigate the new culture
discrimination
migration factors
challenges w/ job/career
family issues (children acculturate faster than parents)
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Dissonant acculturation
different rates of acculturation seen in parents & children; former acculturating @ a slower rate than the latter
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What conflict arrive through dissonant acculturation?
intergeneration conflict
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What is the cause of intergeneration conflict?
Since parents must rely on children to help them navigate the host culture
such as communicating on parents' behalf and transporting parents
thus children are expected to be responsible and they must obey at the same time
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Vu & Rook (2012)
examined acculturation, intergenerational conflict and intergenerational support among Vietnamese American college students
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What did Vu & Rook found in their research?
Children acculturate quicker than their parents.
identify w/ mainstream culture and values
lead to conflict at home b/c parents prefer values their native culture.
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What results were found through Vu & Rook research?
children were more acculturated than parents
more acculturation -> more arguments & more criticism (greater for females than males)
no differences in high acculturated or low acculturated group for perceived support
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Which gender has to deal with more parental stress?
females b/c of society's gender role
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