SOCIO221 CH 7

a socially defined position in a group or society

quality that you are born with

race, sex, etc.

quality that you achieve after birth

education, occupation, etc.

• ascribed status
• achieved status

a group of people who are believed to be a biological group sharing genetically transmitted traits that are defined as important

nationality, language, tribal affiliation, culture, religion, etc.

White people; Black people; Asian people; American Indian and Alaskan Native people; Pacific Islander and Hawaiian Native people; and the Some Other Race category

a group of people who share a common historical and cultural heritage and sense of group identity and belongingness

culture, nationality, language, tribal affiliation, religion, etc.

Latino people in the USA; Jewish people in the USA; Gullah people in the USA; Geechee people in the USA

a group which has been singled out for differential and unequal treatment

• 1. numerical
• 2. position
• 3. stratification

racial minorities in the USA; ethnic minorities in the USA; White women before the 1960s

an ideology which holds that certain racial or ethnic groups are biological inferior and that practices involving their domination and exploitation are therefore justified

the KKK in the USA has a racist ideology which holds that White people are superior to Black people

an irrational attitude toward certain people based solely on their membership in a particular group

a person has a negative attitude towards another person because the other person belongs to a certain racial or ethnic group

behavior in the form of unequal treatment of a people because they are members of a particular group

a person treats a person in a negative way because the other person belongs to a certain racial or ethnic group

the inequitable treatment of a group resulting from practices or policies that are incorporated into social, political, or economic institutions and that operate independently from the prejudices of individuals

• 1. systematic
• 2. equal
• 3. group

a person is not able to get a job, contract, or educational slot because of his or her racial or ethnic group

the tendency to view one’s own group or culture as an in-group that follows the best and only proper way to live

other cultures as inferior to one's own

respecting other cultures.

• people who take the position that their culture is superior to other cultures is ethnocentric;
• people who take the position that their race is superior to other races is a racist (that is, ethnocentrism is based on culture and racism is based on race)

a social condition wherein a racial group engages in racial solidarity and collective behavior around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

• one can be a proponent or advocate of racial solidarity and collective behavior around economic matters, but not political and/or cultural matters as was Booker T. Washington;
• one can be an advocate of racial solidarity and collective behavior around economic, political, and cultural matters as was W. E. B. Du Bois

a social condition wherein an ethnic group engages in racial solidarity and collective behavior around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

• one can be a proponent or advocate of racial solidarity and collective behavior around economic matters, but not political and/or cultural matters;
• one can be an advocate of racial solidarity and collective behavior around economic, political, and cultural matters

a social condition of racial or ethnic solidarity around economic matters

• the Asian Business League of San Francisco;
• Jewish Free Loan Association of Los Angeles;
• the Black Chamber of Commerce in Oakland

a social condition of racial or ethnic solidarity around economic matters

• the Armenian American Political Action Committee;
• Cuban American National Foundation;
• American Israel Public Affairs Committee;
• Mexican American Political Association;
• Black American Political Association of California

a social condition of racial or ethnic solidarity around cultural matters

• Columbus Day Celebration, Inc. based in San Francisco;
• Pacific Islanders’ Cultural Association based in San Francisco;
• National Japanese American Historical Society based in San Francisco;
• the San Francisco African American Historical and Cultural Society

a form of racial nationalism found among Black people involving racial solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

Alprentice “Bunchy” Carter, a member of the Black Panther Party, was a proponent and an advocate of racial nationalism in that he encouraged Black people to engage in racial solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

a form of racial nationalism found among Asian people involving racial solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

Richard Aoki, a member of the Red Guard, was a proponent and an advocate of racial nationalism in that he encouraged Asian people to engage in racial solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

a form of ethnic nationalism found among Latino people involving ethnic solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

Felipe Luciano, a member of the Young Lords Party, was a proponent and an advocate of ethnic nationalism in that he encouraged Asian people to engage in ethnic solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

a form of ethnic nationalism found among White people involving ethnic solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

Louis D. Brandeis, a member of the Zionist Organization of America, was a proponent and an advocate of ethnic nationalism in that he encouraged White people to engage in ethnic solidarity around economic, political, and/or cultural matters

a group toward which we feel positively and with which we identify, and that produces a “we” feeling

• 1. social
• 2. does
• 3. allegiance

• 1. primary
• 2. micro
• 3. middle
• 4. macro

race, gender, social class, neighborhood, city, state, or country

a group toward which we do not feel positively and with which we do not identify, and that does not produce a “we” feeling

• 1. social
• 2. does not
• 3. allegiance

• 1. out-group
• 2. in-group

• the Crips are the in-group and the Bloods are the out-group or vice versa;
• the Nortenos are the in-group and the Serranos are the out-group or vice versa;
• the USA is the out-group and Iraq is the in-group or vice versa

a social condition wherein there are two groups of workers willing to do the same work, but for different wages

• 1. lower-priced
• 2. competitive
• 3. employers

foreign workers were brought into New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina