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3 planes of the body
- Midsagittal (median)
- Coronal (frontal)
- Transverse (superior and inferior)
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Anatomical division of the midsagittal
right and left halves
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anatomical division of the coronal
anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) aspects
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anatomical division of the transverse
superior (upper) and inferior (lower) aspects
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2 main cavities
- Dorsal (posterior)
- ventral (anterior)
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Dorsal includes
cranial and spinal cavities
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ventral includes
thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
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Left Hypochondriac
upper left region beneath the ribs
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epigastric
Region above the stomach
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Right hypochondriac
upper right region beneath the ribs
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Left Lumbar
left middle lateral region
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umbilical
region of the naval
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right lumbar
right middle lateral region
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left inguinal
left lower lateral region
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hypogastric
lower middle region beneath the naval
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right inguinal
right lower lateral region
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4 major tissues in body
- epithelial
- connective
- muscle
- nervous
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Anatomical position
body posture used to locate anatomical parts in relation to each other
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Midsagittal
median (halves)
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coronal
frontal (front and back)
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transverse
horizontal (upper and lower)
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2 major organs in the dorsal cavities
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2 major organs in the ventral cavities
- thoracic (heart, lungs, and associated structures)
- abdominopelvic (digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures)
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Abduction
moving away from the midsoggital plane of body (ie: fingers apart, arm up)
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Adduction
movement toward midsoggital plane of body (ie: fingers together, arm down)
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Medial
pertaining to the midline of the body
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lateral
pertaining to a side
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superior
toward head or upper portion of structure
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inferior
away from head, toward tail or lower part of structure
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proximal
nearer to the center
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distal
further from center
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anterior (ventral)
front of body
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posterior (dorsal)
Back of body
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parietal
pertaining to outer wall of body cavity
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visceral
pertaining to viscera, internal organs, abdominal organs
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prone
lying on abdomen, face down
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supine
lying horizontally, face up
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inversion
turning inward, inside out
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superficial
toward surface of body
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deep
away from surface of body
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ankl/o
stiffness, bent, crooked
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lamin/o
lamina (part of vertebrae arch)
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myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
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calcane/o
calcaneum (heel bone)
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clavicul/o
clavicle (collar bone)
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femor/o
femur (thigh bone)
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fibul/o
fibula (smaller bone of lower leg)
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humer/o
humerus (upper arm bone)
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ili/o
ilium (lateral part of the hip bone)
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ischi/o
ischium (lower part of hip bone)
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lumb/o
loins (lower back)
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metacarp/o
metacarpus (hand bones)
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metatars/o
metatarsus (foot bones)
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patell/o
patella (knee cap)
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phalang/o
phalanges (finger and toe bones)
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pub/o
pelvis bone (anterior)
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radi/o
radiation, x-ray, radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
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spondyl/o
vertebrae (back bone)
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vertebr/o
vertebrae (back bone)
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stern/o
sternum (breastbone)
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tibi/o
tibia (larger bone of lower leg)
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leiomy/o
smooth muscle (visceral)
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rhabd/o
rod shaped (striated)
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