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aorta
The largest artery in the body
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apex of the heart
The lower tip of the heart
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artery
The largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body
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atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)
Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them
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atrioventricular node (AV node)
Specialized tissue in the wall between atria; electrical impulses pass from pacemaker through AV node and bundle of His toward ventricles
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atrium (plural: atria)
One of two upper chambers of the heart
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capillary
The smallest blood vessel
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carbon dioxide (CO2)
Waste gas released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to lungs for exhalation
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coronary arteries
Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
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deoxygenated blood
Oxygen-poor blood
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diastole
Relaxation phase of the heartbeat
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electrocardiogram
Record of the electricity flowing through the heart
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endocardium
Inner lining of the heart
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endothelium
Innermost lining of blood vessels
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mitral valve
Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid valve
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murmur
Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of heart valves
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myocardium
Muscular, middle layer of the heart
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normal sinus rhythem
Heart rhythm originating in sinoatrial node with resting rate of 60-100 beats/min
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oxygen
Gas carried by the blood from the lungs to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells
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pacemaker (sinoatrial node)
Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat
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pericardium
Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart
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pulmonary artery
Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs
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pulmonary circulation
Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
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pulmonary valve
Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
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pulmonary vein
Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
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pulse
The beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries
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septum (plural:septa)
A partition or wall dividing a cavity, such as that between the right and left atria and right and left ventricles
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sinoatrial node (SA node)
The pacemaker of the heart
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sphygmomanometer
An instrument to measure blood pressure
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systemic circulation
Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and back
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systole
The contraction phase of the heartbeat
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tricuspid valve
Located between the right atrium and right ventricle; has three leaflets or cusps
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valve
A structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so blood flows in only one direction
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vein
A thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart; contains valves to prevent the backflow of blood
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vena cava (plural: venae cavae)
The largest vein in the body; superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of heart
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ventricle
One of two lower chambers of the heart
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cholesterol/o
cholesterol
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-dilation
widening, stretching, expanding
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-graphy
process of recording
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-lysis
breakdown, separation, destruction, loosening
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-graphy
process of recording
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-oma
tumor, mass, fluid collection
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de-
lack of, down, less, removal of
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dys-
bad, painful, difficult, abnormal
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hypo-
deficient, below, under, less than normal
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