drugs week of 10/22/13

Sympathomimetic

• Bronchodilation
• Increases heart rate

Croup

• Epiglottits
• Hypersensitivity to the drug

• Vital signs should be constantly monitored
• Should be used only once in the prehospital setting

• Palpitations
• Anxiety
• Headache

0.25-0.75 ml of a 2.25 percent solution in 2.0 ml in normal saline

Inhalation only (small volume nebulizer )

0.25 - 0.75 ml of a 2.25% solution in 2.0 ml of normal saline

Sympathomimetic

Bronchodilation

• Bronchial asthma
• Exacerbation of obstructive pulmonary disease
• Allergic reactions
• Pediatric cardiac arrest (after initial epinephrine dosage)

• Patients with underlying cardiovascular disease
• Hypertension
• Pregnancy
• Patients with tachyarrhythmias

• Protect from light
• Blood pressure, pulse, and ECG must be constantly monitored

• Palpitations and tachycardia
• anxiousness
• headache
• tremor

0.3-0.5 mg

IM

0.01 mg/kg up to 0.3 mg

Sympathomimetic

• Increases heart rate and automaticity increases cardiac  contractile force
• Increases myocardial electrical activity
• Increases systemic vascular resistance
• Increases blood pressure 
• causes bronchodilation

• Cardiac arrest
• Anaphylactic shock

Epinephrine 1:10000 is for intravenous (IV) or endotracheal use; it should not be used in patients who do not require extensive resuscitative efforts

• Should be protected from light
• can be deactivated by akaline solutions

• Palpitations
• Anxiety
• Tremulousness
• Nausea and vomiting

• Cardiac arrest: 1mg repeated every 3-5 minutes; higher doses may be ordered by medical control
• Sever anaphylaxis: 0.05-0.1 mg (5-10 percent of the epinephrine dose used routinely in crdic arrest) IV/IO. an epinephrine drip may be required.

• IV
• IV drip
• Endotracheal (endotracheal dose 2-2.5 times IV dose)

0.01 mg/kg initially; with subsequent doses every 3-5 minutes as needed