-
Punishment & Pentinence (1830-1867) CONFEDERATION
- Canada's first prision built (kingston)
- Kingston based on American "Auburn" system
-
Brown Commission
- First commision to investigate
- Mainly concerned with firing wardens
-
Punishment & Pentinence (1867-1938) POST-CONFEDERATION
- Key pieces of legistlation:
- BNA-Gave governments authority to create law
- Criminal Code - Criminal offences and Procedures
-
Rehabilitation Model (1938-1970)
- Archambault Report
- The Fateux Report
- The Oiumet Committee
- Opportunities Model
-
Archambault Report
- Recommended rehabilitation and parole for the first time
- Punitive harshness then decreased
- Gave some light & educational priveleges
-
Fateaux Report (1956)
- Due to emphasis on determinism it led to the medical model
- Those who engaged in criminal activity were sick and crying for help
- Based on Diagnosis, Treatment, Cure
- Lobotomy & Electrical Shock Therapy
- Free to do anything to anyone if thought to help
-
The Ouimet Committee (1969)
- COMMUNITY REHABILATION
- Prisions not the best way to treat people, the community was best!
-
Opportunities Model
- Offenders sentence based on behaviour
- Cannot force treatment, but can hold til end of sentence
-
Reintegration Model (1970-1978)
- 1. DO NOT put people in jails unless necessary
- 2. IF HAVE TO-Get them out ASAP
- 3. Creation of opportunities MacGuigan Commission
-
Reperation Model (1978-Present)
- Currently, all models incorporated in canadian corrections
- Rehabilitate, Punish, and Incarcerate
We have seen a dramatic shift in the CJ response to offenders
Americanizing of CJS: Becoming more punitive like the US system although we know it does not work
-
Auburn System
- People allowed to work and eat together
- Religious Instruction
- Punished by being hosed with cold water or whipped
-
Justifications for punishment
- 1. Retribution
- 2. Specific & General deterrence
- 3. Incapacitation
- 4. Reformation
- 5. Restoration
- 6. Rehabilitation
|
|
