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What is the Fair report privilege?
allows journalists to report anything said in official governmental proceedings w/o being sued or censored.
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What are shield laws?
protects reporters by preserving the confidentiality of their notes and sources.
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5 states that have shield laws.
- 1. California
- 2. Nevada
- 3. Arizona
- 4. Georgia
- 5. New York
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1. Contempt to Court
a. Refusing to tell a judge the source of controversial material used in a story.
2. Trespassing
a. " Failure to Obey a Lawful Order"
3. Sedition
a. Publishing material deemed too critical of government leaders or policies.
4. Libel
a. Publishing a falsehood that holds someone up to public ridicule or scorn.
5. Invasion of Privacy
a. Using someone in a story in a way that violates their right to be left alone.
6. Breach of Contract
a. Publishing the name of a confidential source after promising you wouldn't.
7. Plagiarism
a. Passing off words or ideas of others as your own w/o attribution.
8. Fabrication
a. Manufacturing or falsifying any facts, quotes or events for a story.
9. Lapses in Ethics
a. Behavior on or off the job that could damage your publication's reputation.
10. Bias
a. Taking sides in a story, or failing to present both sides of an issue fairly.
11. Bad Taste
a. Using words or ideas that some of your readers may find offensive.
12. Blunders & Bloopers
a. You name it-somebody will find a reason to get upset with your story.
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What is libel?
Publication of false statement that deliberately or carelessly damages someone's reputation.
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How to do you defend yourself in a libel suit?
TRUTH, consent and privilege
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What is New York Times v. Sullivan?
In the 1960s, civil rights groups ran an ad in the New York Times describing abuses inflicted upon protesters in the South; however Sullivan sued the New York Times, but lost because the court ruled in the favor to print public issues.
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What is Fair
comment and criticism?
- Allows you to criticize performers, politicians,
- ad matters of public interest.
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The FOUR MOST COMMON WAYS to INVADE SOMEONE'S PRIVACY?
1. INTRUSION2. PUBLIC3.DISCLOSURE OF PRIVATE FACTS 4.FALSE LIGHT5.APPROPRIATION
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WHAT DO
BUSINESSES DO TO PROTECT THEIR NAME?
- THEY REGISTER THEIR NAMES
- AND LOGOS AS TRADEMARKS.
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WHAT ARE THE
SEVEN DEADLY SINS?
1. DECEPTION2. CONFLICT OFINTEREST3. BIAS4. FABRICATION5.THEFT6.BURNING ASOURCE7.PLAGIARISM
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WHAT IS THE
PURPOSE OF THE COPYRIGHT LAW?
PROTECTS YOU FROM THEFT
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WHO IS JAYSON
BLAIR?
HE WAS A STAR REPORTER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES THAT WAS FIRED AFTER FINDING OUT HE WAS PLAGIARIZING NEWS STORIES.
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WHAT IS A
PUBLIC OFFICIAL?
- Must hold some government position in addition
- the person also must have or appear to have substantial authority over
- governmental affairs.
EX. President
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What is a Public
Figure?
- a person who has placed themselves voluntarily
- in the public eye.
EX. COLLEGE PRESIDENT OR PROFESSOR
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WHAT IS A
GENERAL PURPOSE PUBLIC FIGURE?
- A PERSON WHO IS A PUBLIC FIGURE FOR ALL
- OCCASIONS.
EX. MICHEAL JORDAN OR ACTORS
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WHAT IS A
LIMITED PURPOSE PUBLIC FIGURE?
- A PERSON WHO THRUSTS THEMSELVES IN THE MIDDLE OF
- A CONTROVERSY JUST FOR THAT MOMENT.
EX. JESSE JACKSON
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WHAT IS
DEFAMATION?
PROVE THAT THEIR WAS INJURY TO YOUR REPUTATION.
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WHAT IS
IDENTIFICATION?
- PROVE THAT REASONABLE READERS,LISTENERS, OR
- VIEWERS WOULD HAVE UNDERSTOOD THAT THE STATEMENT AS ABOUT THE PLANTIFF.
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WHAT IS
PUBLICATION?
- WHEN A STATEMENT HAS APPEARED IN A NEWSPAPER OR
- BROADCAST AND NO MATTER THE SCALE OF THE OUTLET YOU CAN SUE IF ITS NOT TRUE.
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WHAT IS FALSITY?
MUST PROVE THAT THE INFO IS FALSE.
IN 1964, THE SUPREME COURT RULED THAT YOU MUST PROVE THAT THE STATEMENT IS FALSE.
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WHAT IS INJURY?
- MUST PROVE THAT YOUR REPUTATION, MONITORY LAWS,
- OR EMOTIONAL SUFFERING BECAUSE OF THE FALSE STATEMENT.
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1. WHAT IS FAULT?
- YOU MUST PROVE THAT THE
- STATEMENT WAS MADE INITIALLY, RECKLESSLY, OR NEGLIGENTLY.
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WHAT IS SLANDER?
DEFAMATION BY SPOKEN WORDS OR GESTURES.
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