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A sedimentary rock can be:
- A) only produced by cooling of magma.
- B) produced from weathered products of pre-existing rocks.
- C) any hard, solid substance on Earth's surface.
- D) a naturally occurring, hard, solid substance.
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The detrital sedimentary rocks:
- A) range from conglomerates to shales.
- B) form at the Earth's surface.
- C) form from mechanical weathering of other rocks.
- D) all of these
- Where do sediments come from?
- A) Sediment is formed from magma.
- B) Rock weathering produces sediment.
- C) Sediments originally formed as dust fell to Earth from outer space.
- D) Sediment is formed as rocks are buried and crushed beneath the Earth's surface.
- Based on your experience, which of these environments will produce sediments with cross-bedding?
- A) a stream.
- B) a nearshore marine environment.
- C) a desert.
- D) cross-bedding may develop in all these environments.
- Particles of sediment from 4 mm to 2 mm diameter are called:
- A) clay.
- B) silt.
- C) sand.
- D) gravel.
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Rounding is:
- A) weathering of sharp edges and corners of bedrock exposed at Earth's surface.
- B) the grinding away of sharp edges and corners of rock fragments during transportation.
- C) the relative sphericity of a grain.
- D) all of these
- Compaction and cementation are two common processes associated with:
- A) metamorphism.
- B) sedimentation.
- C) transportation.
- D) lithification.
- Which of the following is a chemical sedimentary rock?
- A) limestone
- B) rock salt
- C) rock gypsum
- D) All of these are chemical sedimentary rocks.
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The major difference between sandstone and conglomerate is:
- A) grain cementation.
- B) grain composition.
- C) grain rounding.
- D) grain size.
- Which of the following is a type of sandstone?
- A) breccia.
- B) conglomerate.
- C) arkose.
- D) All of these are types of sandstone.
- Shale differs from siltstone in that:
- A) there is no difference between shale and siltstone.
- B) shale has smaller grains than siltstone.
- C) shale is angular and fissile whereas siltstone is rounded.
- D) shale has larger grains than siltstone.
- The chemical element found in dolomite that is not found in limestone is:
- A) oxygen.
- B) magnesium.
- C) carbon.
- D) calcium.
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A body of sedimentary rock of considerable thickness and with features that distinguish it from adjacent rocks is:
- A) a depositional environment
- B) a graded bed.
- C) a formation.
- D) a layer.
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If sea level rises or the land sinks, what is likely to occur?
- A) a graded bed will form at the shoreline
- B) a tidal wave.
- C) a transgression.
- D) a regression
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The process whereby rocks are changed to sediment is called:
- A) metamorphism.
- B) weathering.
- C) transport.
- D) abrasion.
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A sedimentary rock composed of rounded particles of gravel is called:
- A) gravelstone.
- B) sandstone.
- C) conglomerate.
- D) breccia.
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Sedimentary particles with a size range smaller than 1/256 mm:
- A) cobbles.
- B) clay.
- C) boulders.
- D) gravel.
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A layer in which the grain size becomes smaller vertically within the layer is called:
- A) is not observed in nature.
- B) graded bedding.
- C) cross-bedded.
- D) foliated.
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Cross-bedding observed in sand dunes can be used:
- A) to determine the height of the sand dune.
- B) to determine the speed of the wind.
- C) to determine the direction the wind was blowing.
- D) all of these
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Sedimentary rocks provide clues about:
- A) depositional environments.
- B) The plate tectonic setting when the sediment was deposited.
- C) where the sediments originally came from.
- D) All of these are correct.
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