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BIOCHEM Midterm Two - Part I
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Why are Enzyme Kinetics Important in Biochemistry?
Catalytic Rate & Binding Efficiency
Determination of Catalytic Mechanism
Metabolism (Role in Pathway)
Assays
Reaction Mechanism
Description of all Elementary Steps in a chemical Reaction
What are the the units of k for,
A First order reaction?
A second order reaction?
First Order - s
-1
Second Order - M
-1
s
-1
What is the effect of a Catalyst on the reverse reaction?
It is also catalysed
E+S -> ES -> E+P
Where is the rate determining step?
ES -> E+P
What are the two Assumptions for rewriting the reaction equation?
Steady State Assumption
- ES is constant during measturement.
Equillibrium
Assumption
- Bind/Release is fast compared to catalysis
What are the roles of Nucleotides in living things?
Monomers of Nucleic Acids
Energy Supply (ATP)
Enzyme Cofactors
Catalysis (rRNA)
Are Nucleotide Bases Aromatic?
Yes
What isomer of Ribose is used in Ribonucleic acids?
Beta-D-Stereoisomer
(Beta is the orientation of OH on the ribose(No Base) with respect to the O "bridge".
What does dA, dT, dC and dG mean? Why is there no dU?
The d stands for deoxy. There is no dU because U is only found in RNA
What is a common modification to bases?
Methylation
DNA absorbs higher energy UV light
Denatured
What does C2' Endo mean?
The 2' carbon (in the pentose) is in the same direction of the 5' carbon (usually up).
What is the true structure of the ribose (cyclic part)?
Three of the five atoms are in the plane of the ring.
The 2' and 3' opposite to eachother both above and below the ring (and vice-versa)
In what two ways can multiple gene products arise from different combinations of exons?
Alternative Splicing
Exon Shuffling
That are the sizes (in S) of the large and small subunits in,
Bacteria
Eukaryotes
Bacteria - 30S + 50S
Eukaryotes - 40S + 60S
During elongation, how is equillibria kept towards the formation of an mRNA polymer?
The released diphosphate from the addition of a nucleotide is further cleaved by another enzyme.
Taking advanage of le chatelier
What subunits make up the RNAP apoenzyme enzyme? What is the role of σ
70
?
RNAP Apoenzyme - αβ
β'
ω
σ
70
is a cofactor and therefore is a part of the Holoenzyme
What are the three post transcriptional modifications to mRNA?
Pseudo U
2'-O-Methylation
Base modification
Author
Ant
ID
241884
Card Set
BIOCHEM Midterm Two - Part I
Description
Biochem
Updated
2013-11-08T03:09:56Z
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