EMT Review-Human Body.txt

standing facing you arms at side palms forward

outer

inner

closer to trunk

farther from trunk

bottom of foot

bending

motion toward midline

motion away from midline

liver, bile duct and gallbladder

stomach and spleen, pancreas (bilateral)

appendix, cecum, ascending colon

bladder, iliac crest, & inguinal ligament (bilateral), small & large intestine (4Q)

easier breathing, sitting, knees bent

supine, feet 6-12" higher than head to keep blood in core (modified=shock poistion)

opening at base of skull for spinal cord to connect to brain

most posterior portion of cranium

between temporal and occiput

upper jawbones containing teeth and forming upper hard palate

cheek bones

eye socket

external, visible part of ear

prominent bony mass 1" posterior to the external opening of each ear

lower jawbone is only movable facial bone that has a joint (temporomandibular joint) connecting to temporal bone just in front of each ear

Between thyroid (upper) and cricoid (lower) cartilage

Lateral to trachea, carotid arteries, jugular veins & nerves (in order)

• Cervical spine (C1-C7)
• Thoracic spine (L1-12, 1 pair ribs each)
• Lumbar spine (5)
• Sacrum(s1-5 fused together and join to iliac bones w/stron ligaments @ sacroiliac joints to form pelvis)
• coccyx (4 fused form tailbone)

Heart, lungs, esophagus, & great vessels (aorta & 2 vena cavae)

jugular notch (palpable), manubrium, angle of Louis (palpable: sternum @2nd rib), xiphoid process

cartilage bridge 6-10th ribs (11-12 floating ribs)

junction of spine & 10th rib (kidney deep to muscles here)

bony arch, spinous process, transverse process(x2)

attaches to costal arch and lumbar vertebrae

first portion of large intestine into which ileum (small intestine) opens

small intestine

kidney and pancreas, above umbilicus 11th rib to 3rd lumbar vertebra bilateral

palpable hip bone

• tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
• medial malleolus, talus, (calcaneus (heel)) navicular, medial cuneiform, metatarsal, phalanges

• cardiac
• skeletal (voluntary, striated, majority of mass)
• smooth (involuntary (walls of tubular structures (gastrointestinal tract, urinary system, blood vessels, bronchi)))

nasopharynx/oropharynx, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, carina, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

• parietal (chest wall)
• visceral (covering lungs)
• pleural space between the two

• 21% O2
• 78% nitro
• Exhaling: 16% O2
• 3-5% CO2

backup system to brain stem - brain, aorta & carotid arteries sense O2 levels

occasional, gasping breaths after heart has stopped (assist ventilation)

cardiac muscle

aorta- arterioles-capillaries-venules- superior/inferior vena cava- R atrium-R ventricle- pulmonary artery- pulmonary veins-L atrium- L ventricle and out aorta

• 60-100 adults
• 70-120 school-aged child
• 80-140 preschooler
• 90-150 toddler
• 100-160 infants

Sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker), internodal/interatrial bundles, Atrioventricular (AV) node, purkinje fibers

plasma (nutrients/waste), erythrocytes (red blood cells-O2), leukocytes (Whiteblood cells-immunity), & platelets (clot)

• systole (contraction)
• diastole (resting)

adequate circulation in organ or tissue to meet cellular needs

somatic (voluntary) & autonomic (involuntary)

spinal cord and brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem)

allows sensory & motor impulses

sensory, motor & connecting nerves

• epidermis
• dermis (sebaceous gland, nerve, sweat gland)
• subcutaneous tissue (fat, fascia, muscle)

hypothalamus, pineal, pituitary, parathyroids, thyroid, thymus, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries/testes