ochem ch 6 alkyl halides part 1

What two types of reactions do alkyl halides undergo?

substitution and elimination reactions
What does S_N2 stand for?
- S- substitution
- N- nucleophile
- 2-bimolecular
what does it mean if a reaction is bimolecular?

two chemical species lead to the transition state
R-X order of reactivity for S_N2 reactions

CH₃X>1°>2°>>>3°
What are the three good leaving groups?

Cl (with 8 electrons), Br (w. 8 el.), I (w. 8 el.)
strong nucleophiles in S_N2 reaction usually have a what property?

have a negative charge
formation of carbocation is always the _____ step in a reaction

slow
substitution reaction
the halogen atom on the alkyl halide is replaced with another group. Since the halogen is more electronegative than carbon, the C-X bond breaks heterolytically and X^- leaves. The group replacing X^- is a nucleophile.
Elimination reaction
the alkyl halide loses halogen as a halide ion, and also loses H⁺on the adjacent carbon to a base. A pi bond is formed. The product is an alkene. This reaction is also called dehydrohalogenation (-HX).
- ex.
what is a concerted reaction?

a reaction in which everything happens in one step

Author

mikepl103

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Card Set

ochem ch 6 alkyl halides part 1

Description

halide halogenation, SN2, SN1, nucleophile, hydride shift, saytzeff's rule, e1, e2, substitution, elimination

Updated

2013-10-29T00:28:28Z

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