Which one of the following do multilayer switches share when running HSRP?
D.
What HSRP group uses MAC address 0000.0c07.ac11?
A.
Two routers are configured for an HSRP group. One router uses the default HSRP priority. What priority should be assigned to the other router to make it more likely to be the active router?
C.
How many routers are in the Standby state in an HSRP group?
D.
A multilayer switch is configured as follows:
int fa 1/1
no switchport
ip add 192.168.199.3 255.255.255.0
standby 1 ip 192.168.199.2
What IP address should a client PC use as its default gateway?
A.
Which one of the following is based on an IETF RFC standard?
D.
What VRRP group uses the virtual MAC address 0000.5e00.01ff?
B.
Which one of the following protocols is the best choice for load balancing redundant gateways?
A.
Which one of the following GLBP functions answers ARP requests?
B.
By default, which of the follosing virtual MAC addresses will be sent to the next client that looks for the GLBP virtual gateway?
D.
Which one of these features is used to reduce the amount of time needed to rebuild the routing information after a supervisor module failure?
B.
Which one of the following features provides the fastest failover for supervisor or route processor redundancy?
A.
What are the virtual mac addresses for:
a. HSRP
b. VRRP
c. GLBP
a. 0000.0c07.acxx xx=hex value of group id
b. 0000.5e00.01xx xx=hex value of group id
c. 0007.b4xx.xxyy
xx.xx = six 0's followed by 10 bit GLBP group id.
yy = 8 bit value for the virtual forwarder id
What is the default HSRP hello and holdtime timers?
hello = 3 secs
holdtime = 10 secs
how do you load balance with HSRP and VRRP?
Use two different groups.
One router is the pri for group 1 and the sec for group 2.
The other router is the pri for group 2 and the sec for group 1.
What multicast IP add does the VRRP send adverts to?
What multicast IP add does the VRRP send adverts to?
VRRP 224.0.0.18 using IP protocol 112
HSRP 224.0.0.2 using UDP port 1985
define the roles for HSRP
Primary (or active)
Standby (one router only)
Listen (all other routers)
define the roles for VRRP
master router (one router)
backup state (all others)
Is load balancing for HSRP and VRRP manual or dynamic?
Manual, All computers must be put into groups manually.
what is the advertisement interval for VRRP?
1 second
what are the roles used in GLBP?
AVG - Active Virtual Gateway -- based on Pri, rtr becomes AVG, and assignes virtual MAC addresses to the other rtrs.
Also responsible for answering all ARP requests in a rotation.
Also acts as a AVF.
AVF - Active Virtual Forwarder -- forwards traffic based on AVG assignment of MAC address to the PCs.
What are the 3 methods of load balancing in a GLBP group?
Round robin - (default)
Weighted - based on group interface value, is given a proportion of the traffic. Higher weighting = more traffic
Host dependent - used of the client needs to use the same gateway every time.
Discuss redundant switch supervisors.
What are the redundancy modes?
bigger switches have 2 supervisor modules. the secondary one can be in a state of readiness to take over.
RPR (Route processor redundancy) - only partially booted up, upon main failure must reload all switch modules and take over.
RPR+ (Route processor redundancy Plus) - is booted up, up to route engine initialization. No L2 or L3 functions are started. Upon failure, all switch modules don't have to reload.
SSO (Stateful Switchover) - Secondary supervisor is fully booted and running all functions up to L3, ( L2 FIB table is synchronized).
Note: NSF (Non Stop Forwarding) takes SSO a step further, and makes rebuilding of the FIB faster using other NSF aware neighbors. (aka, it does not have to wait for L3 routing protocols to fully converge)
What routing protocols support NSF?
NSF - Non Stop Forwarding - used with SSO for switch supervisor redundancy.
BGP, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS
what cmds setup HSRP?
standby 1 pri 200
standby 1 timers (hello-msec holdtime-msec)
standby 1 preempt (delay - secs)
standby 1 auth (string)
standby 1 track fa0/1 decrement 10
standby 1 ip (address) (secondary)
what cmds setup VRRP?
vrrp 1 pri 200
vrrp 1 timers advertise (msec) interval
vrrp 1 timers learn
no vrrp 1 preempt
vrrp 1 preempt (delay secs)
vrrp 1 auth (string)
vrrp 1 ip (address) (secondary)
what cmds setup GLBP?
glbp 1 pri <num>
glbp 1 preempt (delay minimum secs)
glbp 1 track <object-num> int fa 0/1 <line-protocol | ip routing>
glbp 1 weighting <max> [lower<num>] [upper <num>]
glbp 1 load balancing [round robin | weighted | host-dependent]
