Presentations

  1. Basophils
    granulocytes that release chemicals to promote inflammation
  2. Eosinophils
    granulocytes that are cytotoxic killers that primarily target parasites
  3. Neutrophils
    phagocytic granulocytes that ingest and kill bacteria
  4. Monocytes/Macrophages
    Antigen presenting cells that ingest pathogens and activate helper T-cells
  5. B-lymphocytes
    Antigen specific cells that have not come into contact with their antigen
  6. Plasma cells
    Activated B-lymphocytes that have been in contact with their antigen, and produce specific antibodies
  7. Memory B-cells
    cells that have been in contact with their antigen, and are in circulation to fight secondary exposure
  8. Helper T cells
    lymphocytes that release cytokines to help activate B-lymphocytes
  9. Cytotoxic T-cells
    lymphocytes that kill self cells carrying foreign antigens by inducing apoptosis
  10. Natural Killer cells
    lymphocytes that target abnormal self cells and induce apoptosis
  11. Warfarin
    Inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase
  12. Heparin
    promotes endogenous anti-thrombin activity
  13. Dabigatran
    Direct thrombin inhibitor
  14. Apixaban
    Factor Xa inhibitor
  15. Sirolimus
    • Derivative of Rapamycin
    • Immunosuppresent for organ transplants
    • Acts on T and B cells by binding FKBP, which forms immunosuppressive complex inhibiting mTOR activity (mammalian target of rapamycin)

    Binding mTOR inhibits cell proliferation/synthesis
  16. Glycogen synthase
    Extends glycogen chains (a-1,4-glycosidic bonds)
  17. Glycogen phosphorylase
    breaks glycogen chains (a-1,4-glycosidic linkages)
  18. Glycogen branching enzyme
    transfers 7 linked glucose residues to the next chain (a-1,6-glycosidic linkage)
  19. Glycogen debranching enzyme
    transfers 3 residues to another chain (a-1,6-glycosidic chain)
  20. Type 0 GSD
    deficiency in glycogen synthase
  21. Type 1 GSD
    • most common: 
    • deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase or G6P transporter
  22. Type 2 GSD
    alpha-1,4-glycosidase deficiency in heart+ lysosomes
  23. Type 3 GSD
    inherited: build up of glycogen due to glycogen debranching enzyme deficiency
  24. Type 4 GSD
    buildup of glycogen due to glycogen branching enzyme deficiency
  25. GSD Type 5
    Deficiency of myophosphorylase (cant break glycogen in muscle)
  26. GSD type 6
    deficiency in liver glycogen phosphorylase (leads to liver enlargement)
  27. GSD type 7
    Deficiency in phosphofructokinase in muscles-> inability to use glycogen leads to muscle breakdown for energy.
  28. Name 3 of the most common drugs that induce agranulocytosis
    Clozapine, Dapsone, Aminopyrine
  29. Agranulyctosis
    • Direct or immune mediated toxicities
    • Treatment based on neutrophil recovery.
  30. Arsenate poisoning
    symptoms: headache, drowsiness, fingernail pigmentation change

    • Arsenite (3+): binds GSH, inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase
    • Arsenate (5+): binds where phosphate usually binds. inhibits glycolysis

    Can be treated with dermercaptusuccinic acid (DMSA)
Author
komail
ID
241676
Card Set
Presentations
Description
biochem presentations
Updated