RAD-141 HAND MIDTERM

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how many bones are there in each hand and list how many of each
- 14 phalanges
- 5 metacarpals
- 8 carpals
what is the joint between the thumbs called

interphalangeal joints
what is the joint between proximal phalanx of the thumb and between the first metacarpal

1st metacarpophalangeal joint
what are the joints that articulate with the proximal ends of the metacarpals

carpometacarpal joints (CMC)
what type of joints are the CMC joints the 2-5 phalanges

gliding joints
what type of joint is the first CMC of the thumb

sellar joint
what type of joints are the PIP & IP joints

ginglymus (hinge)
what joints of the hand are ellipsoid (condylar) joints

MCP joint 1-5
what are the radiographic considerations for the hand list them all
- use correct general considerations for proper position
- gonadal shielding
- SID = 40''
- 10x12 cassette
- collimation
- markers and ID blockers
what is the kvp for a exposure factors

50-70 kvp
where must the CR be for a PA hand, PA oblique
where is the CR centered "FAN" lateral
- 3rd MCP
- 2nd MCP
what are the special positions for the hand and what are they used for
- extension lateral hand
- flexion lateral hand
- Norgaard method or ball catchers position
what is the Norgaard method or ball catchers position used for

to evaluate early evidence of rheumatoid arthritis and fractures of the base of the 5th metacarpal
List the rquirements for a PA finger
- IR 8x10 or 10x12
- SID 40''
- seated with elbow flexed 90 degrees
- pronate hand
- extend and separate fingers
- CR to PIP
what are the three positions for a finger and what portion of the hand must we include with the finger
- pa, oblique, lateral
- half of the metacarpals
how do we position fingers 3 4 5

same way as oblique for hand
how do we position the second finger for a lateral
- keep finger flipped over and parallel to the IR
where do we center for the AP thumb and how do we position
- CR 1st MCP
- arm extended in front w/hand rotated internally to supinate thumb
why do we not use a PA thumb (special)

loss of detail due to increased oID
what three positions do we use for a thumb

ap oblique and lateral
where do we center the CR for a fan lateral position

2nd MCP joint
what is the modified roberts method
this best to rule out what fracture
- it is the same position as an ap thumb but the CR is angled 15 degrees toward the wrist
- bennetts fx
what is another name for the AP oblqiue bilateral projection

norgaard or ball cathers position
where do we center for extension and flexion laterals

2nd -5th MCP joints
where do we center for a lateral thumb

CR to 1st MCP
where do we center for a thumb pa oblique

1st MCP
why would we use the PA skiers thumb projection

demonstrates sprain or tearing of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb at the MCP joint, results in acute hyperextension of thumb
what special position is used to view anterior or posterior displaced fractures of the metacarpals
- flexion lateral hand
- hand is cupped while in a lateral position
what position is best for foreign body localization

extension lateral hand

Author

anatomy12

241496

Card Set

RAD-141 HAND MIDTERM

Description

xray

Updated

2013-12-14T18:22:15Z

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