(7a)A&P Chemistry

Anything that takes up space and has mass.
Determines an object's weight's based on gravitational pull
Liquids, gases, and solids inside & out of the human body

Fundamental substances that compose matter
Most living organisms need about 20 to survive

Tiny particles that compose elements
The smallest complete unit of an element
Very in size, weight, and interaction

Each atom consist of:

A single, positively charged particles inside the nucleus of an atom

Uncharged or "neutral" particles in the nucleus of an atom

Single, negatively charged particles that revolve around the nucleus of an atom

The number of protons in an atom is known as

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

1 of 2 or more forms of an element having the same number of protons and electrons, but different numbers of neutrons; they may or may not be radioactive.

Particles made up of two or more joined atoms

MAJOR elements of the human body

Atoms that either gain or lose electrons

A chemical bond where oppositely charged ions attract each other

Ions with a positive charge

Ions with a negative charge

A chemical bond where atoms complete their outer electron shell by sharing electrons

Four types of chemical reactions:

What do chemical reactions do?

Occurs when 2 or more reactants (atoms) bond to form a more complex product or structure.
Always involves the formation of new chemical bonds
Important for growth and repair of tissues

The formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen molecules is an example of what type of reaction

A reaction that occurs when bonds within a reactant molecule break, forming simpler atoms, molecules, or ions.

What type of reaction is it when a typical meal contains molecules of sugars, proteins, and fats that are too large and too complex to be absorbed and used by the body.

A chemical reaction where parts of the reacting molecules are shuffled around to produce new products

A chemical reaction where the products of the reaction can change back into the reactants they originally were

Chemicals are basically divided into two main categories:

Fats, fat-like substances (cholesterol and Phospholipids), and oils that supple energy for food processes and building of certain structures

Substances (including sugars and starches) that provide much of the energy required by the body's cells, as well as helping to build cell structures.

Organic substances include:

The most abundant organic components of the human body, in many ways the most important. Are vital for many body functions, including structures and their function, energy, enzymatic function, defense, and hormonal requirements

Inorganic substances included:

What type of chemical bond allows two atoms to share an electron?

A cell of the nervous system; typically consist of a cell body, which contains a nucleus and receives incoming nerve impulses, and an axon, which carries impulses away from the cell body. Also called nerve cell

The long portion of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the body of the cell. Also called nerve fiber.