-
-increases appropriate behavior in child
-uses reinforcement for appropriate social skills
-utilized to decrease tantrums
-encourages smooth transitioning
applied behavioral analysis for autism
-
-improves receptive and expressive speech deficits
-helps improve articulation problems
-usually provided at public schools
-speech therapy for autism
-
-improves motor skill deficits (fine and gross)
-improves sensory integration problems
occupational therapy for autism
-
encourage and reinforce to interact with each other
social skills training for autism
-
-not as old as traditional treatments
-not usually covered by medical insurance
biomedical treatments for autism
-
-many autistic people cant process these so a diet not including them is ideal
gluten free/ casein free diet
-
-due to leaky guts syndrome, autistic people cant absorb very much vitamins
-vitamins and supplements are taken, they include zinc, magnesium, and calcium
-can include probiotics
-omega 3/ fish oil
dietary supplements
-
-helps decrease heavy metal burden with prescription meds
-orally or interveneously
-DMPS; DMSA <---- what they are called
chelation treatments for heavy metals
-
-series of sessions or treatments where the system is saturated with oxygen
hyperbolic oxygen therapy
-
-"retraining" the brain
-rewarding certain brain waves
neurofeedback for autism, ADHD, and
-
-autistic kids often have insomnia, anxiety, and intestinal problems
-usually melatonin and l-tryptophan are given, but if that doesn't work then...
prescription meds are given to help
-
who benefits from prescription meds the most?
children with more mild forms seem to have better effects
-
prescriptions for gastrointestinal tract, anxiety, and insomnia are usually covered by insurance, but ___ _____ are not
radical treatments
-
-neurological developmental disorder
-considered to be a learning disorder as well
-characterized by high levels of distractability, poor attention span, high levels of physical activity
ADHD
-
3 presentations of ADHD
- -combined presentation
- -innatention
- -hyperactive impulsive
-
ADHD children with _____ ______ are easier to identify
combined presentation
-
ADHD children with _____ are the hardest to diagnose
hyperactive
-
ADHD is found ___x more often in men
two times (gimme some)
-
percentage of children with ADHD. adults?
5%; 2.5%
-
to be diagnosed with ADHD children must have how many of the 9 symptoms in both categories. adults?
6 of 9 both of the categories. adults need 5 of 9 in both categories
-
symptoms of inattention
- 1-careless mistakes
- 2-difficulty sustaining attention
- 3-difficulty listening
- 4-difficulty following through (hw, chores)
- 5-difficulty with organization
- 6-avoids task that requires sustained mental effort
- 7-losing things
- 8-easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
- 9-forgetful in daily activities
-
hyperactivity symptoms
- 1-fidgeting
- 2-leaving seat in classroom when not appropriate
- 3-running and climbing when not appropriate
- 4-unable to engage in leisure activities quietly
- 5-on the go/restlessness
- 6-excessive talking
- 7-blurting out answers before questions are completed
- 8-difficulty waiting for turn
- 9-interrupting or intruding on others
-
DSM says that some symptoms in children must show up before ___ years, and in ___ different settings. The symptoms must be significant enough to ____ with _____
12; 2; interfere, functioning
-
ADHD appears to run in families ___ to ____% of people with ADHD have a ___ or ____ with the condition
30-50; parent or sibling
-
a ________ imbalance in the brain, particularly ____ can cause ADHD
neurochemical; dopamine
-
some people think that ___ ___ aggrevates symptoms of ADHD
food dyes
-
Ritalin and adderal stimulate the frontal lobes (control/inhibition) and the parietal lobes (attention). these drugs are considered ___ ____ medication for _____
prescription stimulant meds for ADHD
-
prescription stimulant medications can ____ appetite and ____ growth
suppress; stunt
-
another form of ADHD treatment is ____ patches
nicotine
-
non prescription meds are meant to stimulate ____ levels. the work best on people with ____ ADHD
dopamine; mild
-
the adolescent brain had a major increase in the ____
amygdala. this is an explanation of the intense emotional reactions
-
the _____ cortex is not fully mature until ____ to ____ years old
prefrontal; 18-25
-
because of the late development of the ____ and ____ cortex, a teen cannot control the intense emotional reaction because of the lack of development. this also explains the ____ behavior teens take part in
amygdala and prefrontal; risky
-
women are ___x more likely to have _____ or _____ then men
ten; anorexia or bulimia
-
DSM5 states that "young" females prevalence of anorexia is
.4 %
-
average age of onset anorexia is ___ years old
17
-
anorexia is rare to see in _____ and in women over ____
children women over 40
-
onset of anorexia and bulimia is most associated with
stressful life events
-
crude mortality rate of anorexia is ____% and ___% of people that are hospitalized from anorexia end up dying
5 and 10
-
____, anxiety, ocd, and _____ are commonly diagnosed with anorexia
depression, bi polar
-
-perfectionism is directed at self
-over controlling of food intake
-likely due to lack of self control in other areas
personality issues concerning anorexia
-
3 mandatory diagnostic symptoms
- 1-individual must be medically underweight because of caloric intake. based on age, gender, height and bmi
- 2-intense fear of gaining weight or getting weight
- 3-body image distortion
-
-restricting type
-binge eating/purging type
2 subtypes of anorexia
-
purging and binge eating can be considered anorexia not bulimia if the person is
medically underweight
-
treatment for anorexia
- -gaining weight back
- -cognitive therapy
- -family therapy
-
DSM's prevalence of bulimia in "young" females
1-1.5%
-
bulimia is most commonly diagnosed between __ to ___ years old
15-21
-
"cormorbid" diagnoses of bulimia
-depression
-anxiety
-substance
-borderline personality disorder
all are often diagnosed with bulimia. people with bulimia often have impulsive issues
-
diagnostic criteria for bulimia
- -recurrent binge eating
- -recurrent compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain
- -pattern of occurring at least once a week for 3 months
-
people who binge eat will eat around ____ to ____ in less than two hours
1500-3000. often people show a lack of control when eating
-
-self induced vomiting
-misuse of laxatives
purging
-
-fasting
-excessive exercise
non purging compensatory behavior
-
treatment for bulimia
- -cognitive therapy
- -group therapy
- -patients will be prescribed a SSRI
-
___ % of people improve their bulimia with cognitive therapy
65
-
___% of people that go to group therapy for bulimia improve
75
-
being prescribed ____ for bulimia decreses ____ and ____, it has a 40% success rate
SSRI, binging and purging
-
relapse rates are high for bulimia, even with adequate treatment relapse rates are about
1/3 of the people
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