Cervical Muscles

O: Transverse Processes of C3-7

• I:  Anterior: Rib 1
•     Middle: Rib 1
•     Posterior: Rib 2

• Anterior: Elevation of rib 1, Latral flexion and rotation of neck.
• Middle: Elevation of rib 1, lateral flexion of neck.
• Posterior: Elevation of rib 2, lateral flexion of neck.

• -Neck movements are produed when rib is fixed.
• -Important accessory muscles for respiration
• -Roots of brachial plexus found between anterior and middle scalene.

• Middle Scalene: Laterally flex the patient's head to opposite side without rotation.
• Anterior Scalene: Rotate the head to the same side and then laterally flex the head to the opposite side. 

Inability to laterally flex or rotate the cervical spine fully indicate shortening of the respective scalene muscles.

• Middle:Laterally flex the neck with no rotation.
• Anterior:Maintain lateral flexion and ask client to turn head towards the side of the neck being stretched. (only rotate about 20-30 degrees)
• Posterior: Maintain lateral flexion and ask the client to turn head away from the side being stretched.  

• O: Clavical and sternum
• I: Mastoid process of temporal bone

• Unilateral: Rotation of head to opposite side and laterally flexes to the same side. 
• Bilateral:  Cervical Flexion

To test the right SCM- Position the client w/shoulders at the end of the table and the head extending beyond te edge.  Rotate the head  to the left and thn align the mastoid process with the sternum.  Slowly lower the head downward so that the mastoid moves away from the sternum.

• O: TP of C1-4
• I:  superior angle and medial border of scapula

• -Elevation of scapula (shrugging shoulders)
• -With Scapulae stabilized bilateral contraction will cause extension of the neck while unilateral contraction will cause rotation to the same side with lateral flexion.

Flex the cervial spine and rotate the head to the opposite side. Then depress the scapula.

To test the right upper traps, laterally flex the neck to the left and then rotate the head to the right. Then depress the right scapula.