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A lever in which the fulcrum is located in between the force acting on the lever and the resistance is called a ________
first class
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A lever in the which the force acting on the lever is in between the fulcrum and the resistance is called a _______
third class
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A lever in the which the resistance acting on the lever is in between the fulcrum and the force is called a ______
second class
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When you perform the concentric contraction phase of a biceps curl, the forearm functions as a _______
resistance
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When you perform the eccentric contraction phase of a biceps curl, the forearm functions as a ______
applied force
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The joint that allows sliding planar movements between articulating bone surfaces is called ______
gliding joints
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A joint which has the following characteristics "uniaxial, sagittal plane, medial-lateral axis" would be called a(n) ________ joint.
hinge
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A joint which has the following characteristics (uniaxial, transverse plane, longitudinal axis) would be called a(n) _______ joint.
pivot
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A joint which has the following characteristics "biaxial, one convex bone surface, one concave bone surface" would be called a(n) ______ joint.
ellipsoidal
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A joint which has the following characteristics "biaxial, two convex bone surfaces" would be called a(n) ________ joint.
saddle
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A joint which has the following characteristics "triaxial, one convex bone surface, one concave bone surface" would be called a(n) ______ joint.
ball and socket
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Functionally, the elbow joint is a(n) _______ joint.
hinge
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Functionally, the shoulder joints and the hip joints are ______ joints.
ball and socket
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Functionally, the radioulnar joints are ______ joints.
pivot
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Which of the following are characteristics of synovial joints?
Structure of Synovial Joints
- articular capsule
- -sleeve of liamentous tissue
- -forms a joint cavity
- synovial membrane
- -inner surface lining of the articular capsule
- -secretes synovial fluid, which fills the joint cavity
- Has two types of articular cartilage
- -hyaline
- -fibrocartilage
- improves the bone-to-bone fit at the joint
- -increasing the joint's stability
- -reducing pressure when the joint is loaded
- reduce friction and prevents wear
- provide some shock absorption
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Which of the following are functions of synovial fluid?
lubricant - reduces friction
nutrient - nourishes the articular cartilage which has no blood supply
cleanser
hydrostatic shock absorber
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Which of the following are functions of articular cartilage?
hyaline cartilage - thin layer of cartilage that covers the articulating ends of the bones
fibrocartilage - disc or partial disc of fibrocartilage that separates the articulating surfaces of the bones (the bearing surfaces between the moving bones)
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Which of the following increase joint stability?
Increasing Shear Stability
bone-on-bone compression - increases friction
reciprocal convex and concave shapes of the articulating ends of bones - tighter the bone-to-bone fit
articular cartilage - improves bone-to-bone fit
fibrocartilage - produce convex regions
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Which of the following is not a factor that affects joint flexibility (i.e., range of motion)?
articulating bones - the shapes of the articulating bones may limit range of motion
ligaments - shortening and/or twisting of ligaments can limit range of motion
bulkiness of soft tissues - a person with larger muscles or large amounts of fatty tissue
friction within the joint - any wearing or damage to the articular cartilage increases joint friction
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