-
anterior pituitary releases:
- growth hormone (GH)
- thyrotropic hormone (thyroid stimulating hormone) (TSH)
- gonadrotropic hormones - leutinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
- adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
-
growth hormone (GH)
gland
action
- gland: anterior pituitary
- stimulates growth of body tissues and bones
-
thyrotropic hormone
gland
action
- anterior pituitary
- stimulates thyroid gland
-
gonadrotropic hormones - LH and FSH
gland
action
- anterior pituitary
- affect growth, maturity, and functioning of primary and secondary sex organs
-
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
gland
action
- anterior pituitary
- stimulates steroid production by the adrenal cortex
-
melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
gland
action
- anterior pituitary
- may stimulate adrenal cortex, may affect pigmentation
-
posterior pituitary releases:
- antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- oxytocin
-
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
gland
action
- posterior pituitary
- promotes reabsorption of water decreasing urine output; responsible for vasoconstriciton
- salt and water reabsorption
-
-
-
T3
gland
action
- thyroid
- regulates metabolic activity of all cells and processes of cell growth and tissue differentiation
-
calcitonin
gland
action
- thyroid
- regulates calcium and phosphorus levels
- decreases serum Ca by preventing demineralization of the bones
-
parathyroid releases:
parathormone (PTH)
-
parathormone (PSH)
gland
action
- parathyroid
- regulates calcium and phosphorus levels
- increases serum Ca by promoting bone demineralization and increasing intestinal absorption of Ca and excreting phosphorus in the urine
-
adrenal cortex releases:
- glucocorticoids (cortisol)
- mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
- androgens
-
glucocorticoids (cortisol)
gland
action
- adrenal cortex
- stress response
- anti-inflammatory response
- promotes carb, protein, and fat catabolism; increases tissue responsiveness to other hormones
-
mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
gland
action
- adrenal cortex
- increase sodium retention and potassium excretion
- increases fluid volume, CO and BP
-
adrenal medulla releases:
- epinephrine
- norepinephrine
-
epinephrine and norepinephrine
gland
action
- adrenal medulla
- response to stress
- elevates BP, HR
-
propylthiouracil (PTU)
use
action
teaching
- treatment of hyperthyroid
- impairs TH synthesis by blocking conversion of T4 to T3
- given with iodine therapy
- takes 1-2 weeks to see any affect and 4-8 weeks to see full effect
-
methmizole (Tapazole)
use
action
teaching
- treatment of hyperthyroid
- blocks action of TH on the body
- used short term until the other meds have kicked in to manage TH levels
-
saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI)
use
action
teaching
- treatment of hyperthyroid
- prevents the release of TH into the circulation
- given with PTU prior to surgery to remove thyroid gland
- used only temporarily - stores TH in the thyroid gland, after 10-14 days, it starts to leak out and increase hyperthyroid sxs
-
radioactive iodine
use
action
teaching
- treatment of hyperthyroid
- destroys thyroid tissue
- max effect in 2-3 months
- dose can be picked up in airport
- drink fluids
- no pregnancy
-
levothyroxine (synthroid)
use
action
teaching
- treatment of hypothyroid
- replacement of T4
- watch for s/s hyperthyroid
-
liothyronine sodium (Cytomel)
use
action
teaching
- treatment of hypothyroid
- replacement of T3
- watch for s/s hyperthyroid
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