Mcim 326 L7

  1. COST OF BIOSYNTHESIS FOR GROWTHON MINIMAL MEDIUM vs RICH MEDIUM
    • rich medium:
    • -reducing power cost for all molecules = 0
    • - All energy costs are significantly less
    • -energy cost for protein drops to zero

    • Both:
    • energy cost for 1-carbon =0
  2. ENERGY COST UNIT
    uMOLE ~P / g CELLS
  3. Reducing power unit
    umole NADPH/g cells
  4. AMPHIBOLIC PATHWAYS
    REVERSIBLE PATHWAYS

    COMPLEX (BRANCHING AND CONVERGING)

    REQUIRE COMPLEX REGULATION(ESPECIALLY IN BACTERIA WHICH HAVE NOORGANELLES FOR COMPARTMENTATION).
  5. Where does glucose go in e.coli?
    3 options
    70 % OF THE GLUCOSE––> GLYCOLYSIS––> ORGANIC ACIDS

    30% ––> PENTOSE-P PATHWAY ––> RIBOSE––> NUCLEIC ACIDS.

    A SMALL AMOUNT OF THE PYRUVATE ––> BRANCHING PATHWAY ––> SUCCINATE, á-KETOGLUTARATE
  6. ANPLEUROTIC REACTIONS
    REPLENISHES METABOLITES DRAINED BY PATHWAYS

    “INTERCONNECTING, REVERSING OR BYPASSING REACTIONS”
  7. ANAEROBIC GROWTH ON GLUCOSE
    • PEP CARBOXYLASE (same as for aerobic)
    • PYUVATE FORMATE LYASE
    • TRANSAMINASE
    • ASPARTASE
    • FUMARATE REDUCTASE
  8. What are the end products of anaerobic Krebs cycle?
    • Succinyl CoA
    • Glutamate (from Image Upload 2-ketoglutarate)
  9. PEP CARBOXYLASE
    PEP + CO2 ––> OXALOACETATE (PM) + Pi
  10. PYUVATE FORMATE LYASE (ANAEROBIC ENZYME)
    PYRUVATE + CoA ––> ACETYL-CoA + FORMATE (HCOO-)
  11. TRANSAMINASE
    OXALOACETATE + GLUTAMATE ––> ASPARTATE + Image Upload 4-KG
  12. ASPARTASE (ANAEROBIC)
    ASPARTATE ––> NH4+ + FUMARATE
  13. FUMARATE REDUCTASE
    Anaerobic or Aerobic?
    What is its counterpart?
    What is the reaction?
    Anaerobic

    Succinate Dehydrogenase

    FUMARATE + NADH <––> SUCCINATE + NAD
  14. SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE
    Anaerobic or Aerobic?
    What is its counterpart?
    What is the reaction?
    Aerobic

    Fumerate Reductase

    FUMARATE + FADH <––> SUCCINATE + FAD
  15. GLUCONEOGENESIS
    REVERSAL OF GLYCOLYSIS FOR SUGARS, CELL WALL, NUCLEIC ACIDS,
  16. WHAT IS THE MAJOR GLUCONEOGENIC REACTION?
    WHY?
    • PEP CARBOXYKINASE
    • -it is the first reaction in the pathway.
    • -occurs in mitochondria with the formation of oxaloacetate by the carboxylation of pyruvate
  17. PEP CARBOXYKINASE
    OAA + ATP ––> PEP + ADP+ CO2
  18. MALIC ENZYMES (TWO)
    What are they?
    What is the reaction?
    What is it used for?
    NAD MALIC ENZYME AND NADP MALIC ENZYME

    MALATE + NAD(P)––> PYRUVATE + NAD(P)H+ CO2 P

    USED TO PRODUCE ACETYL-CoA FOR KREBS CYCLE AND FOR LIPID SYNTHESIS
  19. PEP SYNTHASE
    Aerobic or Anaerobic?
    required for what?
    what is the reaction?
    • Aerobic
    • REQUIRED FOR GROWTHON PYRUVATE (3C) – NOTTOO IMPORTANT FOR 4C

    PYR + ATP ––> PEP + AMP+ Pi
  20. FRUCTOSE DIPHOSPHATASE
    Aerobic or Anerobic?
    What is the reaction
    • Aerobic
    • F1,6DP ––> F-6P + Pi
  21. GROWTH ON 3C COMPOUNDS
    3 Enzymes - purpose
    PEP SYNTHASE FOR GLUCONEOGENSIS.

    PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE––> ACETYL-CoA FOR THE KREBS CYCLE

    PEP CARBOXYLASE ––>OAA FOR THE KREBS CYCLE
  22. GLYOXYLATE
    required for what?
    What is the reaction?
    2C REQUIRES THE GLYOXYLATE PATHWAY TO PRODUCE 4C FOR GLUCONEOGENSIS BY PEPCARBOXYKINASE

    ISOCITRATE (6C)+ ACETYL- CoA (2C)––> MALATE(4C) + SUCCINATE(4C)
  23. GROWTH ON CARBOHYDRATES (SUGARS):
    GLYCOLYSIS ----> ATP

    ATP + ATPase ----> ENERGISED MEMBRANE (Image Upload 6H+)
  24. GROWTH ON NON CARBOHYDRATES 
    (ORGANIC ACIDS LIKE MALATE, PYRUVATE, ACETATE; AMINO ACIDS; FATS; NUCLEIC ACIDS):
    KREBS (TCA) CYCLE ----> ATP AND REDUCING POWER(E.G. NADH)

    REDUCING POWER ----> ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN(ETC) ----> ENERGISED MEMBRANE

    ENERGISED MEMBRANE (Image Upload 8H+) + ATPase ----> ATP
Author
Scottygo
ID
240278
Card Set
Mcim 326 L7
Description
Mcim 326 L7
Updated