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Stress
Non specific response of the body to any demand made.
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Positive - EUStress
Evaluation:
Wanted by the performer to text their ability, and provides an adrenaline rush.
- + Can enhance performance
- + Can boost conifdence levels
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Negative - Anxiety
Can lead to over arousal, hindering performance
Can be cognitive or somatic anxiety
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Cognitive Anxiety
Performers will experience lack of concentration, feelings of apprehension and failure.
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Somatic Anxiety
Performers suffer from sweating, muscle tension, nausea and increase HR.
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Causes of stress
- .Nature of the game
- .Fear of injury
- .Importance of event.
- .Status of opposition
- .Extrinsic rewards
- .Climate
- .Frustration
- .Nature of the crowd
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Hans Selye(1956) Theory
Suggested what ever the stressor, everyone goes through a physiological reaction.
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Alarmed reaction stage
- .Stressor occurs
- .Sympathetic Branch activated
- .Causes fight or flight
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Resistance stage
Homeostasis - resists the effect of the sympathetic nervous system
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Exhaustion stage
- If homeostasis can not be achieved this will cause:
- .Heart diseases
- .Stomach ulcers
- .High blood pressure
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3 Additional types of anxiety
- Trait anxiety
- State anxiety
- Competitive trait anxiety
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Trait Anxiety
Individuals personality varies in sitatuions
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State Anxiety
Occurs in particular situations and can change through out an activity
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Competitive trait anxiety
When the performer perceives a competitive situation as threatening, responding with feelings of apprehension and tension.
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3 Measurements of stress levels
- Observation
- Bio Feedback
- Self response questionnaires
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Observation
Individual: Fidgeting, change of speech
Aspects of performance: accuracy and reactions
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Bio Feedback
Physiological changes: Hr, muscles responses, respiration rate and sweat production.
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