For the following question:
Pick A if all choices are TRUE
Pick B if all choices are FALSE
Pick C if 1 is true
Pick D if 1&2 are true
Pick E if 1, 2 & 3 are true
1: the elbow joint is composed of three articulations
2: the trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna
3: the capitulum of the radius articulates with the trochlea humerus
4: The radial head articulates with the ulnar notch
D
For the following question:
Pick A if all choices are TRUE
Pick B if all choices are FALSE
Pick C if 1 is true
Pick D if 1&2 are true
Pick E if 1, 2 & 3 are true
1: the axillary artery becomes the brachial artery at the superior margin of teres major
2: the lateral thoracic artery is the first branch off of the second part of the axillary artery
3: in 65% of people, the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries arise from the brachial artery rather than the axillary artery
4: the subscapular artery is generally the smallest branch off of the axillary artery
B
For the following question:
Pick A if all choices are TRUE
Pick B if all choices are FALSE
Pick C if 1 is true
Pick D if 1&2 are true
Pick E if 1, 2 & 3 are true
1: The tendon of the long head of biceps brachii passes through the glenohumeral joint capsule
2: the tendon of the long head of biceps brachii arises from the inferior tubercle of the glenoid labrum
3: The short head of biceps brachii arises from the same location as the long head of triceps brachii
4: The primary spinal levels of biceps brachii differ between the short head and the long head
C
True or false (if false, provide the correct information): the carrying angle is the most pronounced when your forearm is flexed rather than extended
FALSE. The carrying angle is evident only when the forearm is extended.
True or false (if false, provide the correct information): biceps brachii inserts onto the radial tuberosity via its primary insertion and onto the tuberosity of the ulna via its secondary insertion.
FALSE. The secondary insertion for biceps brachii (via the bicipital aponeurosis) is into the antebrachial fascia, which overlies the ulnar tuberosity
List the spinal levels of the brachial plexus that innervate muscles in the arm.
C5, C6, C7, C8
List all of the muscles that directlyparticipate in flexion of the humerus at the GH joint (i.e., those specifically acting on the arm). Be specific about heads and or parts of the muscles that are participating.
1) anterior fibers of deltoid
2) pectoralis major
3) biceps brachii
4) coracobrachialis
Describe the conditions under which brachialis assists with extension of the arm.
Brachialis does not ever assist with extension of the arm.
Describe the conditions under which brachialis acts to flex the forearm at the elbow.
Any time the forearm is flexed, brachialis is involved.
Describe the conditions under which each of the heads of triceps brachii acts to extend the forearm at the elbow joint.
Long head & lateral head: extend the forearm against resistance (AKA when additional muscular input is needed)
Medial head: active in all forms of extension.
True of false (if false, provide the correct information): the ulnar nerve warps around the lateral humeral epicondyle and then travels through the two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris.
FALSE, it wraps around the medial humeral epicondyle
Describe the morphology of the triangular interval by stating the following information:
a) the structures that form in the triangular interval
b) how those structures relate to one another to form the triangular interval
c) what passes through the triangular interval
A) formed by portions of 1) proximal lateral margin of the long head of triceps brachii, 2) proximal medial margin of humeral shaft and 3) inferior margin of teres major
B) the three structures form an upside down right triangle in which the inferior margin of teres major is the base, the humeral shaft is the hypotenuse, and the lateral margin of the long head of triceps is the third side
C) the profunda brachii artery and vein and the radial nerve pass through the trinagular interval
Where is the sacciform recess located and what does it facilitate?
The sacciform recess is an extension of the synovial membrane of the elbow that lines the proximal radius (it encloses the radial head). It facilitates pronation and supination by reducing friction between the radial head and radial notch of the ulna.
What are the contents of the cubital fossa?
1) tendon of biceps brachii
2) Brachial artery & vein
3) median nerve
What is the functional significance of the dorsal tubercle on the dorsal distal radius?
The tendon of extensor pollicis longus run over the tubercle, which changes the path of the muscle from the long axis of the forearm to the oblique axis of the thumb (relative to the forearm). This re-direction enables extensor pollicis longus to extend the joints of the thumb rather than dorsiflex the hand at the wrist.
Trace the somatic efferent innervation between the correct area of the spinal cord and the long head of triceps brachii. Indicate spinal levels and the starting point of the impulse pathway.
triceps brachii / radial nerve / posterior cord / posterior divisions of the superior (C6), inferior (C8) and middle trunks (C7)/ anterior rami of C6, C7, C8 / spinal nerves of C6, C7, C8 / anterior roots of C6, C7, C8 / anterior white column / anterior grey horn (starting point)
Trace profunda brachii to the point where is empties into the radial artery back to the aortic arch on the left side of the body. Provide all relevant parts and all relevant landmarks, events and communicating regions.
Aortic arch (begins and ends at upper border of 2nd rt costal cartilage) / L subclavian (1st pt from origin to medial margin of anterior scalene, 2nd pt posterior to anterior scalene, 3rd pt from lateral margin of anterior scalene to lateral margin of 1st rib) / axillary artery (1st pt from lateral margin of 1st rib to superior margin of pectoralis minor, 2nd pt is posterior to pec minor, 3rd pt from inferior margin of pec minor to inferior margin of teres major) / brachial artery / profunda brachii (passes through triangular interval, travels through the radial groove, deep to lateral head of triceps brachii) / empties into radial artery
True or false (if false, provide the correct information): Musculocutaneous is solely responsible for motor impulses to the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm.
False, brachialis receives C7 from radial
List all of the muscles that are active (directly AND indirectly) during lateral rotation of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint. Indicate whether the muscle is directly acting or indirectly acting to laterally rotate the humerus and be specific about parts and/or heads, if necessary.
1) teres minor (directly)
2) infraspinatus (directly)
3) posterior deltoid (directly)
4) middle traps (indirectly)
5) rhomboid major (indirectly)
6) rhomboid minor (indirectly)
True of false (if false, provide the correct information): pectoralis minor is innervated by both the upper and lower subscapular nerves.
FALSE. Pectoralis minor is innervated by both the medial and lateral pectoral nerves.
If a patient presented with a lesion on the posterior division of the middle trunk, rendering it non-functional, would the patient retain the ability to protract the scapula? In your explanation, include the following information:
A) State whether or not the patient is able to protract
B) state affected muscles that participate in protraction (both compromised & non-functional) and their spinal levels
C) state unaffected muscles that participate in protraction and their spinal levels
A) Yes, scapular protraction is still possible because:
B)) the posterior division fibers don't innervate any muscles that participate in protraction anyway.
C) unaffected protractors:
1) pectoralis minor: C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1 but none from posterior divisions
2) Serratus anterior: C5, C6, C7 but none from posterior (or any) divisions
True or false. EITHER WAY, explain your reasoning.
The radius has four surfaces.
TRUE: proximally the radius has just three surfaces, just like all of the other long limb bones. Distally it has a fourth surface on the medial side, called the ulnar notch. The head of the ulna articulates with the radius at the ulnar notch.
Which of the following is true? Up to two correct answers may be present.
A) An artery from the third part of the axillary artery travels with a nerve carry C5 and C6 fibers from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
B) An nerve bundle carrying C6 and C7 fibers from the lateral cord shares a muscular target with an artery from the second part of the axillary artery
C) An artery from the second part of subclavian on the left side of the body passes deep to the superior transverse scapular ligament
D) An artery from the first part of the axillary artery may substitute for an artery from the third part of the subclavian artery
E) An artery from the first part of subclavian on the right side of the body travels with cranial nerve 12 up through the jugular magnum
A&B
Author
ChathamBio502
ID
239737
Card Set
Chatham Bio 502 Lecture #12: Arm Elbow & Cubital Fossa