principle of asepsis

process that negatively impacts the ability of an organism to function

living organism too small to see with the naked eye

detrimental results of invasion by a pathogen

• microbes that are normally found in healthy animals
• e.g E.coli in the intestinal tract
• can cause disease if goes to a part of the body that it doesn't belong like a leaky valve in large intestine
• think about intestinal tract and skin

ability of an animal to overcome invasion by pathogen

• presence of pathogens or their toxic products in the blood or tissue of the patient
• not a good thing
• animal has gone south

microbes going into bloodstream and replicating

presence of bacterial in the bloodstream from dental disease in the mouth and lands on the kidney and heart valve instead of replicating

• complete absence of living pathogenic
• our goal

an item that is void of microbe

yes

• no
• that is when we want to greatly decrease the microbes on the skin

no but we can follow protocol to decrease microbes

orthopedic

• "dirty"
• has not undergone sterilization

• techniques aimed at monitoring a surgical site or area of the body to ensure it is free of all microbe
• everything we do in surgery room (patient prep, gowning, gloves, caps, mask) its to decrease the number of microbes and decrease the chance of microbes contaminating surgical site

• technique used to reduce the number and transmissions of microbe (everything else in the hospital that's not the surgery room)
• helps prevent nosocomial infection
• refers to all the steps that are taken to decrease the number of microbes and variance (aggressive) in the hospital and the opportunity for the animal to be exposed to the microbes in the hospital
• has to do with what happens from the front of the door to the back door

• an item that has not been sterilized
• item was sterilized and has become contaminated during surgery
• either dropped it, touched a part of the animal that wasn't sterile

• sanitation
• disinfection
• sterilization
• can only reach asepsis in things we can autoclave

• to reduce the number of microbes to a safe level
• procedures designed to prevent disease and promote health
• that's going to be cleaning floors, saliva, cages, urine, feces, blood, cleaning the runs and tables general cleaning and general protocol
• everything that happens in the waiting room

• application of a substance that destroys or inhibits that growth of microbes
• -cidal (killing) or -static (suppresses replication)
• will not kill all microbes, but will significantly reduce them
• most of our surface areas are disinfected not sterile

• process to rid an object of all living microbes
• cant sterilize our hands we scrub them

• within
• gingivitis or dermatitis
• microbes normally found in body
• can cause disease if host's immune system is suppressed or if microbes is transferred to part of body in which it doesn't normally live
• every patient in the hospital has a suppress immune system

• microbe from outside the body
• the air
• surgical instruments and supplies
• patients skin
• surgical team

• does not always result in disease
• host may fight off infection
• depends on the tissue health
• surgical wounds may have some tissue damage, decreased blood supply may increase likelihood of infection
• wont cause infection in a healthy animal but will cause it in a unhealthy animal
• stress of anesthetic, surgery, or other underlying disease can weaken hosts local and systemic immune response allowing infection to take place

• how well pathogens can invade host
• how well/fast it can produce toxic substance
• invasiveness vs. ability to produce toxins
• low virulence not aggressive-if its in there may not cause disease
• high virulence very aggressive-if its in there def. going to cause a disease

break the chain of transmission