Quick Quiz! Which of the following statements is true about foods that have a low glycemic index?
A. These foods should be encouraged because they have long-term benefits
True or False? Carbohydrates are not the main source of energy
-False
What are proteins essential for? (3)
-Growth
-Wound repair
-Maintenance of muscle fibers
Proteins can also be known as...
-Amino acids
True or False? Proteins are part of the nitrogen balance process.
True
What are the names of the two healthier fats?
-Monounsaturated
-Polyunsaturated
Which type of fat is a sign of an unhealthy diet when a nurse does blood work on a patient?
-Cholesterol
What is the name of unhealthy fats often found in processed food?
-Transfatty acids
Water makes up for.... of our body weight.
60-70%
Which kind of vitamins are fat soluble, therefore, are stored in our bodies?
-Vitamins A, D, E, and K
Which kind of vitamins are water soluble, there, are not stored in our bodies?
-Vitamins C and B
Give an example of food that contains vitamin A...
-Carrots
Sunlight provides us with vitamin...
-D
Give an example of food that contains vitamin E...
-Green vegetables
Give an example of food that contains vitamin K...
-Bananas
-Green vegetables
-Avocado
Give an example of food that contains vitamin C?
-Citrus
Give an example of food that contains vitamin B?
-Whole grain
-Meat
If you consume too much fat soluble vitamins, what could happen to you?
-You could intoxicate
Are minerals organic or inorganic elements?
-Inorganic
What are minerals useful for?
-They are essential as catalysts in biochemical reactions
What are the 4 steps of the digestive process?
1-Digestion
2-Absorption
3-Metabolism and storage of nutrients
4-Elimination
What is peristalsis?
-Series of muscle contractions that occur in your digestive tract
Diabetics will follow a ... diet
-Low sugar (low carb) diet
Hypertensive patients will follow ... diet
-Low sodium
-Low cholesterol
Anemic patients need to eat an ... diet
-Iron rich diet
What is the main reason why new mothers are taught that breastfeeding is extremely important for their new baby's health?
-Because she shares her immune system by breastfeeding
Which kind of vitamin is not present in breast milk?
-Vitamin D
Around what age can a baby be introduced to solid food? What is the first type of food given to babies?
-Around 6 months
-They're given rice (less chance of allergies)
What are some signs of bulemia?
-Teeth decay, esophagus bleeding, loss of hair, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance
What are some signs of anorexia?
Poor memory, dry, yellowish skin and brittle nails, constipation and bloating, teeth decay and gum damage, headaches, growth of fine hair all over the body and face
Quick Quiz! A new mother is reluctant to breastfeed because she is afraid that it will be painful. What should the nurse do?
C. Listen to her concerns, and provide information related to breastfeeding
When you're pregnant, it is recommended to eat ... more portions than usually recommended by the Canadian Food Guide.
2-3 more portions than usually recommended
Why do older adults need less food in order to function well?
-Slower metabolism
-They don't move as much
What is an ovo-lacto-vegetarian diet?
-No meat but eggs and milk ok
What is a lacto-vegetarian diet?
-Drink milk but no eggs
What is a vegan diet?
-Only plants
When a nurse does blood work and wants to know more about your diet, which 3 elements will she look for to determine whether your diet is healthy or not?
-Cholesterol
-Glucose
-Hemoglobin (Iron)
What are some signs that a patient might have dysphagia?
-Difficulty to swallow
-Cough when they eat or drink
-Don't have gag reflex
What type of patient is given an NPO diet?
-Going into surgery
-'' '' '' '' endoscopy
What type of patient is given a clear liquid diet?
-First meal after surgery
What type of patient is given a thickened liquid diet?
-Hard time swallowing
What type of patient is given a pureed diet?
-No teeth, difficulty swallowing
What type of patient is given a high fiber diet?
-Constipated patients
What type of patient is given a low sodium diet?
-Hypertensive
What type of patient is given a low cholesterol diet?
-Hypertensive
When is it necessary to put a patient on a parenteral feeding diet?
-When patient can no longer digest food through abdomen
A nasogastric, jejunal or gastric tube feeding is a type of ... feeding.
Enteral feeding
True or False? Parenteral tube feeding is not a sterile procedure.
False
Why could parenteral feeding be dangerous for a patient and what has to be done in order to proceed the right way?
-Double check with another nurse the minerals/food you're giving to a patient so that you don't administer a toxic dose of minerals or vitamins.
Breakdown of biochemicals into simpler substances...
-Catabolism
Main source of energy in a person's diet...
-Carbohydrates
Proteins that must be ingested...
-Essential amino acids
Organic substances essential to normal metabolism...
-Vitamins
Difficulty swallowing...
-Dysphagia
Building of biochemical substances by the synthesis of nutrients...
-Anabolism
Energy requirement of a person at rest...
-Basal metabolic rate
Indicator used to determine a person's healthy weight...
-Body Mass Index
The nurse is teaching a client about healthy nutrition. The nurse recognizes that the client understands the teaching when the client makes which of the following statements?A.
"I need to stop eating red meat."
B."I will increase the servings of fruit juice to four a day."
C."I will make sure that I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly."
D."I will not eat so many dark green vegetables and eat more yellow vegetables."
C."I will make sure that I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly."
The nurse teaches a client who has had surgery to increase intake of which nutrient to help with tissue repair?
A. Protein
The home health nurse is seeing the following clients. Which client is at greatest risk for experiencing inadequate nutrition?
D. A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke
The nurse is caring for a client experiencing dysphagia. Which interventions will help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select all that apply.)
C. Have the client sit upright in a chair.
C. Place food in the strong side of the mouth
E. Feed the client slowly, allowing time for the client to chew and swallow.
Which of the following statements about water-soluble vitamins is true? (Select all that apply.)
D. They cannot be stored.
C. They must be consumed daily.
Woman is considering becoming pregnant. The nurse practitioner recommends that the client begin to consume which of the following before attempting pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus?
C. Folic acid
A client has gained 2 lb of weight in the past day. The nurse calculates this weight gain to be __________ ml of fluid.
1000
Which of the following nutrients is the body's preferred energy source?
B. Carbohydrates
Based on knowledge of the benefits of choosing carbohydrates with low glycemic index, the nurse recommends which of the following?
D. Lentils
A school nurse is conducting nutrition teaching with an adolescent. Which of the following considerations guides the nurse's teaching?
A. The adolescent's increased daily need for iron
The nurse examines the laboratory data and observes a client with many chronic health conditions currently hospitalized because of diarrhea. Which finding is consistent with poor nutrition?
C. Pale eye membranes
The nurse is concerned about fluid intake of an older adult who is reluctant to drink more water. Which intervention could the nurse try?
C. Offer extra intake in the morning and early afternoon
A woman with which following waist circumference is at significant risk for heart disease and stroke?
C. 90 cm
When evaluating the history of an overweight or obese child, the nurse is sure to assess which of the following? (Select all that apply)
