B6

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What features of a bacteria cell let them survive?
- A flagellum for movement
- A cell wall to maintain shape and to stop it from bursting
- DNA to control the cell's activities and replication of the cell
What different shapes can bacteria cells be?
- Spherical
- Rod shaped
- Spiral
- Curved Rods
How do bacteria reproduce?
- They split in two
- Type of asexual reproduction called binary fission
How is it possible to get bacteria to reproduce artificially? What bit of equipment do you need?

An agar plate
What is the 'aseptic technique'?

Sterilising all equipment to prevent contamination by other microbes
How can the growth rate of Yeast be altered?
- Changing food availability
- Changing temperature
- Changing pH
- Removing waste products
How is the growth rate of the yeast affected by a 10^oC temperature rise?

The growth rate of yeast doubles for every 10^oC rise in temperature until the optimum is reached
What are viruses?
- Viruses are not living cells
- Very small structures
- Made of a protein coat surrounding a strand of genetic material
What will happen when a virus reproduces?
- Attach itself to a specific host cell
- Inject its genetic material into the cell
- Use the cell to make the components of new viruses
- Use the cell to make the components of new viruses
- Cause the host cell to split open and die to release the viruses
What conditions do viruses only reproduce under?
- They can only reproduce in other living cells
- They only attack specific cells, which may be plant, bacterial or animal cells
Name three enzymes in washing powder
- Amylase
- Lipase
- Protease
What is the function of the enzyme amylase?

To digest carbohydrates such as starch
What type of respiration is involved in the fermentation in yeast?

Anaerobic Respiration
What is the word equation for the fermentation in yeast?

glucose (sugar) ---> ethanol (alcohol) + carbon dioxide
What is the balanced chemical equation for fermentation?

C₆H₁₂O₆---> 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂
What stages are included in the production of a DNA 'fingerprint'?
- Extracting DNA from a sample such as blood
- Cutting up or fragmenting the DNA using restriction enzymes
- Separating the fragments using electrophoresis
- Making the fragments visible using a radioactive probe
Biomass can be burnt and used as fuel. Examples include:
- Fast growing trees
- Products of fermentation such as alcohol or biogas
What does 'biogas' contain?
- Biogas contains more than 50% methane
- Some carbon dioxide
- Traces of other gases

Author

spacenut

239322

Card Set

Description

OCR GCSE gateway

Updated

2013-10-07T19:59:43Z

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