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The cranial nerves are spread through the head-neck region, except
for the parasympathetic portions of the vagus nerve which pass to the abdominal organs.
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What is the 1st cranial nerve, what region does it enter?
Olfactory & the nasal cavity
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What is the 2nd cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Optic & the orbit
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What is the 3rd cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Oculomotor & orbit
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What is the 4th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Trochlear & orbit
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What is the 5th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Trigeminal; V1 orbit, V2 pterygopalatine fossa, & V3 infratemporal fossa
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What is the 6th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Abducens; orbit
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What is the 7th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
facial; temporal bone
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What is the 8th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
vestibularcochlear; temporal bone
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What is the 9th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Glossopharyngeal; neck, middle ear, and infratemporal fossa
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What is the 10th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Vagus; ????
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What is the 11th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Accessory (spinal accessory) and the neck
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What is the 12th cranial nerve and what region does it enter?
Hypoglossal and the neck
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Which cranial nerves have special sensory components?
- I (olfactory; smell)
- II (optic/ sight)
- VII (facial; taste-anterior 2/3 of tongue)
- VIII (vestibulocochlear; hearing)
- IX (glosspharyngeal; taste-posterior 1/3 of tongue)
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Which cranial nerves have somatomotor components?
- III (oculomotor)
- IV (trochlear)
- VI (abducens)
- XII (hypoglossal)
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Which cranial nerves have visceromotor components?
- III (oculomotor)
- VII (facial)
- IX (Glossopharyngeal)
- X (vagus)
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Which cranial nerves have general sensory components?
V (Trigeminal)
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Which cranial nerves have branchiomotor components?
- V (Trigeminal)
- VII (Facial)
- IX (glossoopharyngeal)
- X (vagus)
- XI (Accessory)
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Which of the cranial nerves have viscerosensory components?
- IX (Glossopharyngeal)
- X (vagus)
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What is the target/function of the 1st cranial nerve (olfactory)?
Olfactory epithelium-smell
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What is the target/function of the 2nd cranial nerve (optic)?
retina-vision
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What is the target/function of the 3rd cranial nerve (oculomotor)?
- levator palpebrae superioris
- superior rectus
- medial rectus
- inferior rectus
- inferior oblique
- preganglionic PSN: cilliary ganglion (innervation of the pupillae & cilliary muscle)
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What is the target/function of the 4th cranial nerve (trochlear)?
superior oblique muscle
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What is the target/function of the 5th cranial nerve (trigeminal)?
- V1: general sensation from skin & mucosa in region at and above orbit
- V2: general sensation from skin & mucosa in region from orbit to mouth
- V3: muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, anterior belly diagastric
- general sensation from the skin & mucosa from region at & below the mouth
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What is the target/function of the 6th cranial nerve (Abducens)?
to lateral rectus
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What is the target and function of the 7th cranial nerve (facial)?
- muscles of the facial expression (stapedius, stylohyoid, mylohypoid, & posterior belly digastric)
- taste (anterior 2/3 of the tongue)
- preganglionic PS to submandibular ganglia (innervates submandibular & sublingual glands)
- Preganglionic PS to pterygopalatine ganglia (innervates lacrimal gland, nasal glands, and palatine glands)
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What is the target/function of the 8th cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear)?
hearing and balance
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What is the target/function of the 9th cranial nerve (glossopharyngeal)
- stylopharyngeus
- pharynx, palate, carotid sinus, carotid
- taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue)
- Middle ear and auditory tube
- parotid
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What is the target/function of the 10th cranial nerve?
- pharynx & larynx
- auricle, external auditory meatus
- mucosa of entire larynx
- preganglionic PS to abdomen & thorax
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What is the target/function of the 11th cranial nerve?
- trapezius
- sternocleidomastoid
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What is the target/function of the 12th cranial nerve?
all tongue muscles innervated except the palatoglossus
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