Anat. and phys. test 2

A collection of specialized cells and cell products that preform a relatively limited number of functions

the study of tissues

Epithelial, connective, muscle, Neural

Epithelia and glands

1.Provide physical protection 2. control permeability 3.provide sensation 4.produce specialized secretions

1) Cellularity 2) Polarity 3) Attachment 4) A vascularity 5) regeneration

1)Intercellular connections 2) Attachment to basal lamia 3) Epithelial maintenance

1) Squamous ( mouth/throat) 2) Cuboidal (Kidney and sweat) 3) Columnar (stomach and anus)

1) Endocrine (hormones) 2. Exocrine (epithelial surface)

Merocrine, Apocrine, Holocrine

1)Tubular 2)Coiled Tubular 3) Branched Tubular 4) Alveolar 5) Branched Alveolar

1) Tubular 2) Alveolar 3) Tubuloaveolar

1)specialized cells 2)Extracellular protein fibers 3)Fluid know as ground substances

1) Establishes structural framework 2)Transporting fluid and dissolved materials 3) protection 4) support

1) Connective tissue proper 2) Fluid connective tissue 3) supporting connective tissue

fat cells

Stem cells that are in connective tissue (respond to injury)

Contains melanin

Contain histamine

1)Collagen (tendons and ligaments) 2) Reticula (stroma) 3) Elastic

Cover and protect other structures, made of epithelial and connective tissues

1)Mucus 2)serous 3)cutaneous 4)synovial

Line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body

Line sealed internal divisions of the body

Covers the surface of the body

• 1) Inflammatory responses- Swelling, redness and pain  
• 2) Regeneration- Isolation and repair

1) Cutaneous membrane 2) Accessory structures

Epidermis (superficial) Dermis (underlying) and Hypodermis (separates form organs)

1) Protection 2) Excretion 3) Maintenance 4) Synthesis of vitamin D 5) detection 6) storage

Provides mechanical protection and prevents microorganisms from getting inside the body

• 1)stratum Germinatum
• 2)stratum Sinosum
• 3)stratum Granulosum  
• 4)stratum Lucidum
• 5)stratum Corneum

Germinave Cells (stem cells)

only where there is no hair (sensitive to touch)

• 8-10 layers
• Contains Langerhans cells- parcipate in immune response
• Stimulate defenses- against microorganisms, superficial skin cancers

Cells filled with keratin

1) pigments 2) blood supply

Pigment- Orange, yellow color (accumulates in epidermal cells)

Pigment- Brown, yellow- Brown, black (proactive from UV radiation)

• 1)Skin produces vitamin D3 due to sunlight
• 2)In the liver and Kidneys
• 3)Converted into calcitrol

1) Sebaceous 2) Sweat

Produce oil-lipids

secretion of lipids

1) Apocrine 2) Merocrine

1) cooling 2) Excretion 3) Protection

• 1) Bleeding and inflammation
• 2) Scab formation
• 3) Epidermal Cells fill in the space underneath the scab
• 4) Scab is shed

• 1) Epidermis thins- Germinating cell activity declines
• 2) Number of Langerhans cells decrease
• 3) vitamin D production declines 75 %
• 4) Melanocyte activity declines
• 5) Glandular activity declines

• 6) Blood supply reduced
• 7) hair follicles stop functioning
• 8) Dermis Thins
• 9) body fatt distribution stops
• 10) skin repairs slow

1) Serous Glands 2) Mucus glands 3) Mixed Exocrine Glands