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what is acute renal failure
sudden interruption of renal function caused by obstruction, poor circulation, or kidney disease
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What is anuria?
output of urine < 100 ml/ 24 hours
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azotemia?
increased toxic levels of nitrogenous wastes in blood. happens when kidneys are not functioning properly - as with glomerulonephritis
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CFR?
slow, progressive loss of kidney function and glomerular filtration
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Cystitis?
inflammation of the bladder - as with chronic bladder infections
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Glomerulonephritis?
inflam of renal glomerulus characterized by DECREASED urine production, BLOOD and PROTEIN in urine, and EDEMA
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hematuria?
blood in urine
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what is hemodialysis? how often?
procedure to removes wastes from blood by filtering pt blood through a machine - performed at least 3 x wk
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IVP? intravenous pyelography?
A radiology technique that involves injecting contrast medium (allergy precaution) into a vein and taking an x-ray of kidneys as the medium is cleared from the blood by kidneys.
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lithotripsy?
procedure that breaks up stones within urinary system
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nephrotic syndrom?
renal disease characterized by massive edema and excess protein excretion
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oliguria?
diminished urine production in relation to intake, usually < 400ml in 24 hours
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peritoneal dialysis?
How often?
what do you need?
- procedure in which blood is filtered through peritoneal membrane to remove waste products.
- Performed everyday
- Using dyalystate in peritoneal cavity and then draining it
- Fill, dwell, drain
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polycystic kidney disease?
- multiple cysts on kidneys
- inherited
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polyuria?
excess production of urine
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Proteinuria?
Protein in urine
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pyelonenephritis?
a puss forming infection of kidney that starts in lower urinary tract and moves upward
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urinary diversion?
when normal urinary channels (ureters, bladder, urethra) are dysfunctional this provides an alternative route for urine to leave the body
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vesicoureteral reflux?
back flow of urine from bladder to ureter
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acid?
a substance that is capable of losing a hydrogen ion
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acidosis?
- condition of increased hydrogen ion concentration in the blood,
- increased CO2
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alkalosis?
condition of decreased hydrogen ion in blood, increased HCO3
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alveolar ventilation?
volume of air that undergoes gas exchange
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anatomic dead space?
portion of respiratory sys from nose to bronchioles that functions only as an air pathway, about 25% of air inhaled with each breath remains here and is unavailable for gas exchange
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base?
a substance that is capable of accepting hydrogen ions
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buffer?
- a weak acid or a weak base that transfers hydrogen ions between solutions to maintain acid - base balance
- HCO3, CO2
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