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Chemosis
- edematous swollen tissue
- from increased vascular permeability
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Hyperemia
- Pale to bright-red engorged vessels
- Pathophysiologic response to injury
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Serous discharge
- clear and watery
- increased vascular permeability
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Mucoid discharge
- clear to yellowish tinged, translucent, sticky or stringy discharge
- increased mucus from goblet-cell irritation
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Mucopurulent discharge
- yellowish white, less translucent, sticky discharge
- from increased mucus combined with inflammatory cells (e.g. eosinophils and macrophages)
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purulent discharge
- yellowish white to yellow-green tinged, opaque, thick discharge
- from high concentration of inflammatory cells (i.e. polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages)
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fibrinous
- white,opaque, flat-appearing discharge that follows contour of conjunctiva and may be attached to underlying tissue
- from high degree of fibrin mixed with inflammatory cells (i.e. polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages)
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hemorrhagic
- red-streaked discharge that may also have any of the foregoing characteristics
- from RBCs in discharge from increased vascular permeability or trauma
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Papillary hypertrophy
- elevations of conjunctival epithelium and stroma with a delineating margin and small central vascular tuft; when papillae are small, the conjunctiva has a velvety appearance
- from cellular infiltration of the substantia propria by inflammatory cellular material (i.e. eosinophils, lymphocytes, mast cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes
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Follicles
- elevated, avascular, rounded lesions, translucent to whitish gray, usually located in fornices; small vessel may surround the follicle; no central vascular tuft present
- from germinal cells (immature lymphocytes) and macrophages comprise central portion with mature cells forming the periphery.
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