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World War I took place from ______________.
1914-1918
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The Triple Entente included ______________, _____________,and ________________.
Russia, Great Britain, and France
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The Triple Entente and the other countries that joined it later were known as the ________.
Allies
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The Triple Alliance included __________________, _____________,and ______________.
Italy, Germany, and Austria-Hungary
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The members of the Triple Alliance were known as the ___________________.
Central Powers
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Germany gave a “_____________” to Austria-Hungary.
blank check
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The name of the British cruise ship (carrying some American passengers) that was sunk by a submarine was the _____________.
Lusitania
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____________________, ________________,and ____________________ were all introduced during WWI.
The submarine, the machine gun, and the airplane
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What weapon encouraged a stalemate during trench warfare?
The machine gun
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The peace conference to end WWI was held at ___________.
Versailles
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The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk dealt with _______________________________.
Russia withdrawing from the war
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The European territory received by the French after WWI was _______________.
Alsace-Lorraine
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The international group of nations formed after WWI was the ____________________.
League of Nations
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What country was recreated by the winners of WWI?
Poland
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________________, ______________,and ____________ were created out of Russian land.
Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia
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[THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION]
The leader of Russia before the Russian Revolution was _________________.
Czar Nicholas II
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The Communist leader who took over Russia during WWI was ____________________.
V. I. Lenin
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Communists are inspired by the writings of ______________.
Karl Marx
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___________ was the leader of the Bolsheviks.
Lenin
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The Bolsheviks were _______________.
Communists
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Lenin’s New Economic Policy allowed a mixture of __________________ and ____________________.
capitalism and socialism
-
The Russian Civil War was between the ____________________ and ____________________.
Communists and the anti-Communists
-
A command economy is when ______________________________________.
the government makes all economic decisions
-
Stalin’s plans to modernize Russia were called the _________________.
Five-Year Plans
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Stalin was responsible for the deaths of how many people?
20 million
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[THE INTERWAR YEARS]
Fascist governments are _______________, _______________,and ___________________.
militaristic, nationalistic, and aggressive in foreign expansion
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____________________ set up the first fascist government.
Benito Mussolini
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In a totalitarian state, ________________________, ________________________,and _________________________.
schools indoctrinate students, the government controls the economy, and the police spy on their own people
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Fascists hate communists because communists are __________________.
anti-nationalistic
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The name of the democratic German government formed after WWI was the __________________.
Weimar Republic
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The Germans hate their democratic government because it _________________________, __________________________,and _______________________.
signed the Treaty of Versailles, it couldn’t get inflation under control, and because the economy was bad
-
Fascism appealed to people because it ____________, _____________,and _________________.
restored order, provided jobs, and was anti-Communist
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The first thing Hitler did to test the Treaty of Versailles was _________________________.
to send troops to the Rhineland
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Hitler took over ______________, _____________,and ___________________.
Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Austria.
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France and Britain followed the policy of appeasement when _____________________, _______________________,and ____________________________.
they allowed German soldiers in the Rhineland, during the annexation or Austria, and during the Munich Pact
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In the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, ____________________________ and ______________________________ . ____________________.
Germany and the USSR promised not to attack each other, and they agreed that Poland was being divided between Germany and the USSR. Part of the Pact was secret.
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[WORLD WAR II]
A blitzkrieg is when _____________________________________________________.
a country attacks by bombing from the air and then sending in ground troops
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Hitler invaded these countries in this order: ___________, ____________, ____________, and _______________.
Poland, Denmark, Belgium, France
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The Allied plan in North Africa was to ____________________ and _____________________.
push the Germans to the center of North Africa and then push north
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The turning point in North Africa was the battle of ______________.
El Alamein
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The turning point of the war in the USSR was ____________.
Stalingrad
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D-Day, the turning point in the war in Europe, took place on _______________.
June 6, 1944
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Germany Surrendered to the allies in ___________.
May 1945
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The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on ___________________.
December 7, 1941
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The turning point in the war in the Pacific was _______.
Midway
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The Americans decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan because ___________________ and ________________________.
the Americans believed the Japanese would not surrender without any more deaths and wanted to avoid more American casualties
-
The Americans dropped the atomic bombs on ______________ and ______________.
Nagasaki and Hiroshima
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How many Jewish people were killed in the Holocaust?
Six million
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Most of the concentration camps were located in _____________ and ___________.
Poland and Germany
-
After WWII, the people who were responsible for WWII and the Holocaust were put on trial in _______________ and ____________________.
Nuremberg and punished according to the verdict
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[THE COLD WAR]
The goal of the Marshall Plan was to _______________________________.
strengthen democracies by helping them build
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The goal of the Truman Doctrine was to ______________________________.
contain the spread of communism
-
The west decided to airlift supplies into Berlin because _____________________________,but __________________________________ .
part of Berlin belonged to West Germany, but Stalin wouldn’t allow them to deliver supplies by land through East Germany
-
The purpose of NATO was to ________________________________.
provide a defense alliance system in case a democratic member nation was attacked
-
________________ and ____________________ are part of the United Nations.
The General Assembly and the Security Council
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[THE MODERN WORLD TERMS] (vocab)
Perestroika
economic restructuring to allow some capitalism
-
Glasnost
government openness
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Iron Curtain
an imaginary line between communists and noncommunists
-
Apartheid
separation of the races
-
Satyagraha
Civil disobedience
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[THE FALL OF COMMUNISM]
The problems in the USSR included ______________, _______________,and _______________.
Soviet republics wanting independence, overcrowded housing, and a shortage of medical supplies
-
____________ allowed new freedoms in the USSR, which led to its collapse.
Gorbachev
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____________ was the first country to withdraw from the USSR.
Lithuania
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The Berlin Wall fell in ________.
1989
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The governments in Eastern Europe fell so quickly because the USSR said _______________________________.
it would no longer support Communist rulers
-
____________ took over as President of Russia after Gorbachev lost power and support after an attempted coup.
Boris Yeltsin
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__________ established that the President has more power than the Duma (legislature) when he sent in soldiers to kick them out of the building when they refused to go.
Yeltsin
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All of the following are true about Russians: _________________, ______________,and ___________________.
President Putin ruled Russia as a virtual dictator, Russians are economically worse off than they were under Communist rule, and medical care is inadequate
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[THE CHINESE REVOLUTION]
The leader of the Communists during the civil war was _________________.
Mao Tse-tung
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The leader of the Nationalists (KMT) was _____________.
Chinag Kai-shek
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The Long March was when __________________________.
Mao Tse-tung and his army retreated from their enemies
-
When Japan invaded China before World War II, ____________ joined together to fight the Japanese.
the Nationalists (KMT) and the Communists
-
After World War II was over, the Nationalists ______________________.
lost the civil war and fled to Taiwan
-
The Communists came to power in ________.
1949
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The goal of the Great Leap Forward was to __________________________.
have an agricultural and industrial revolution at the same time
-
Mao believed non-Communists should be _________.
reeducated
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During the Cultural Revolution, what did teens and young adults do?
They went around beating and killing non-Communists.
-
All of the following is true about Mao: ______________________.
Mao died peacefully while still in power, he was responsible for the deaths of millions of people, and Mao was not as consistently strict or as paranoid as Stalin
-
After Mao, what did Deng Xiaoping allow in the south of China?
some private businesses
-
What happened in 1989 at Tiananmen Square?
Students protested for freedom were killed by the military.
-
[SOUTH AFRICA]
At one time, South Africa was a colony of ____________ and ___________.
the British and the Dutch
-
All of the following are true about how blacks were treated: ________________________________.
blacks were required to carry identification papers at all times, blacks were not allowed to vote or participate in the government, and blacks and whites were segregated
-
Two places peaceful black protestors were killed by white police are _______ and ________.
Sharpeville and Soweto
-
The white President who helped bring about an end to apartheid was _______________.
Federik William de Klerk
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The first black president of South Africa was _________.
Nelson Mandela
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To bring peace to South Africa, what did the Truth and Reconciliation Commission program do?
It let people talk about what they did.
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[IRAN]
What did students do to the Americans at the embassy in Iran?
They took the Americans hostage.
-
The hostages were held for _____ days.
444
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The U.S. sold weapons to both sides during the ___________ war.
Iran-Iraq
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Saddam Hussein invaded Iran because of ___________________.
border disputes, he felt they had supported Kurdish rebels in Iraq, and he feared the Islamic revolution would spread to Iraq
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[EUROPEAN UNION]
How many countries are in the European Union?
27 countries
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Which country does not use the Euro?
Great Britain
-
Problems in the EU include: _____________________________.
high unemployment, a low birth rate, and difficulties integrating immigrants
-
Which 2 countries rejected the EU Constitution.
France and the Netherlands.
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[INDIA]
Gandhi practiced ___________, which means non- violent resistance.
Satyagraha
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At Amritsar, what did the British do?
They shot peaceful protesters.
-
Gandhi marched 240 miles to the sea to ________________________.
protest the British monopoly on salt
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India was divided into two countries in 1947 because _________________________.
the Hindus and the Muslims wanted to be separate
-
Gandhi was assassinated by a ____________________.
Hindu who hated Gandhi for being friendly to Muslims
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The three countries whose land used was to make up the British colony of India are _________, __________, and ____________.
India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh
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