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What is a thoracocetesis?
Placeent of needle/catheter into thoracic cavity to remove air or fluid from the chest cavity.
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What are your indications for performing a throracocentesis?
Pleural effusion, pneumothorax, hemothorax, pyothorax, chylothorax
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What is the preferred position for a thoracocentesis?
Lateral recumbancy or sternal recumbancy
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T/F With thoracocentesis, the site of the tap depends on the location of the air/fluid that is to be removed.
True
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You will continue to aspirate with a thoracocentesis until what is achieved?
Until all fluid is removed or negative pressure is restored.
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What are some complications of a thoracocentesis?
pneumothorax, lung laceration, laceration of the intercostal vessels
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What is a thoracostomy tube?
chest tube
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What are some indication to place a chest tube?
When the patient has a significant amount of pleural effusion or a pneumothorax
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What position should a patient be in for a chest tube placemet?
Lateral/Sternal recumbancy
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What type of suture pattern is used to seal the skin around the chest tube?
Chinese finger trap
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What type of suture pattern is used to anchor the chest tube?
purse string
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What are your 2 types of aspiration with a chest tube?
Continuous suction or manual aspiration
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What is the purpose of a chest tube?
Re-establish negative pressure
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What is a pericardiocentesis?
Placing a needle through the thoracic cavity into the pericardial sac around the heart to remove fluid
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What are some indications for a pericardiocentesis?
Pericadrial effusion and cardiac tamponade
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What are the 2 most common causes of pericarial effusion?
neoplasia and pericarditis
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What is cardiac tamponade?
Pressure on the heart that occurs when blood or fluid build-up in the space between the myocardium and the pericardium
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What is your number 1 diagnostic tool for pericardial effusion?
echocardiogram/ultrasound
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What is the preferred postion for a pericardiocentesis?
Lateral or sternal recumbancy
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What is the best monitoring tool to use during a pericardiocentesis?
Continuous EKG
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What is an abdominocentesis?
Aspiration of fluid from the abdominal cavity
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What is an abdominocentesis used to diagnose?
Hemoabdomen, uroabdomen, ascites
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An abdominocentesis is contraindicated in what types of situations?
Pyometra, a penetrating abdominal wound
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T/F You can redirect the needles as often as needed in an abdominocentesis.
False
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What is a tracheostomy?
Procedure for inserting a tube through the neck inot the trachea to create an airway
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What are your 2 types of tracheostomies?
Controlled and slashed
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What are some indications for a tracheostomy?
Airway obstruction, swelling, neoplasia, oral sx, long term mechanical ventilation
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T/F: In life threatening situations, during a slash tracheostomy, attention to sterility anatomy may be abandoned in order to secure an airway.
True
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With which type of tracheostomy would you give abx and why?
Slash, because sterility has become abandoned
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At what location would you perform a tracheostomy?
Between 3rd and 5th tracheal ring
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