Carbohydrates

Functions

short term energy store and supply
Structure
- simplest form of glucose= C₆H₁₂O₆
- hexagon structure
Monosaccharides
- fuel that cells use for cellular work
- cellular respiration- process to create energy
- 1 sugar (unit)
- contain between 3 and 7 C atoms
- name indicates # of C atoms
- Hydroxyl (O-H)
- Carbonyl (C=O)
Isomers

glucose, fructose, galactose (simple sugars)
Isomer

same chemical but different structural formulas
Examples
- "-ose"= sugar
- glucose- sports drinks
- fructose- fruits
- glucose &fructose- honey
- galactose- milk
Disaccharides

condensation and dehydration synthesis- combine 2 monosaccharides through this process
Glycosidic Bonds

where Disaccharides are joined
Examples(Disaccharides)
- sucrose- table sugar
- lactose- milk sugar
- maltose- milk sugar
Sucrose

glucose+fructose
Maltose

glucose+glucose
Lactose

galactose+ glucose
Polysaccharides
- many monosaccharides together
- complex carbohydrates
Starch
- long chains of glucose(potato); straight
- plant cells store starch for energy in bonds
Glycogen
- human/animals
- long chain of glucose that branches off in different directions
- - store excess sugar in glycogen
Cellulose
- plant
- forms cable like chains in tough walls that enclose plants
Sugars

Hydrophilic

Author

adriana321

238259

Card Set

Carbohydrates

Description

Carohydrates

Updated

2013-10-02T01:51:54Z

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