Anatomy

• Macrostructure of Bones
• Periosteum
• Diaphysis
• Epiphyseal Plate
• Epiphysis
• Endosteum
• Medullary Canal

The covering of the bone and where the blood is supplied.

The shaft of the bone.

The growth plates (right above and below the diaphysis).

The covering on the inside of the bone (lining the medullary cavity). It restructures the bone and blood cells are made there.

Marrow cavity of the bone. Middle of the shaft where bone marrow is produced.

Bone formation

Breakdown of bone

Undifferentiated cells in which the osteoblasts are derived.

• 80% of the skeleton
• Haversian Canals
• Outer layer of th ebone
• Slower turnover rate (takes time to build up)

• Higher turnover rate
• Inside layer of bone
• Scaffolding of the bone
• Elastic

Bone remodel in response to mechanical stress

• It is the generation of electricity through mechanical stresses.
• Compression of the bone (electronegative): stimulates Osteoblasts
• Tension (electropositive): stimulates Osteoclasts

• Periosteum
• Endosteum
• Cortex: (the outer shell...of what?)
• Medullary Cavity

• 5-10% of cardiac output to the skeletal system
• Nutrient Artery System: branches from major arteries and enters through diaphyseal cortex
• Periosteal System: supplies out 1/3 of cortical bone

• 5 basic types:
• Long
• Short
• Flat
• Irregular
• Sesamoid: develop in tendons or ligaments. Helps to move the muscles and joints

Sutural Bones: in joint between skull bones