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Public Order Advocate
One who believes that under certain circumstances involving criminal threat to public safety, the intrests of society should take precident over individual rights
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Social Justice
Embraces all aspects of civilized life-- linked to fainess and cultural beliefs of right and wrong
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Consensus model
Crim Justice perspective that assumes that the systems componets work together harmoniously to achive the social product we call justice
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Conflict Model
Perspective that assumes the systems components function primarily to serve their own intrests.
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Arrainment
strictly, the hearing before a court having jurisdiction in a criminal case in which the identity of the defendent is est, the defendent is informed of the charge and their rights and they are required to enter a plea. Also in some usages, any appearance in criminal court before trial.
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Due Process
Guaranteed by the 5th amd-- due course of legal proceedings according to the rules and forms established for the protection of individual rights
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Consecutive sentence
sentence is served one after another for multiple crimes
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concurrent sentence
Sentences run at the same time
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Crime control model
emphasis of arresting and convicting criminals
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Due process model
emphasis of individual rights at all stages of the justice system processing
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Uniform Crime Reporting
Statsitical crime program ran by the FBI
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National Crime Victimization Survey
Ran by the BJS
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National Incident-Based Reporting System
Ran by FBI
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Part 1 Offenses
Murder, Rape, robbery, agg assult, burglary, larcenytheft, moto vehicle theft and arson
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Robbery
unlawful taking or attempt of taking property of another by force, violence, or fear
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Burglary
unlawful entry to a structure to commit a felony or theft
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Larceny-theft
most common of 8 major offenses; stealing excluding motor vehicles
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Part II Offenses
Gambling, Sex offenses, Runaways, Fraud .. ect
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Malware
Viruses, worms & trojans
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Statutory Law
written law- the law that is "on the books"
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Case Law
the body of judicial precedent historically built on legal resoning and past interpretations of statutory laws- serves as a guide
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Rule of Law
The maxim that an orderly society must be governed by est. priciples and know codes that are applied fairly to all its members
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Jurisprudence
The Philosophy of law- also the science and study of law
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Substansive Criminal Law
the part of the law that defines crimes and specifies punishment
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Tort
a wrongful act, damage, or injury involving a breach of contract (or breaking the law)
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Stare decisis
"Standing by decided matters"
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Espionage
The gathering, transmiting, or losing of info related to National Defense
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Inchoate Offenses
Acts that have not been fully carried out-- an offense not yet completed-- like hiring a "hitman"
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Concurrence
The coexhistence of 1) an act in violation of the law and 2) cupable mental state
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Ex post facto
can not be punished for something you did prior to a law being est.
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corpus delicti
the fact that shows the crime has occured-- "The body of the crime"
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Hudud crime
a serious violation of islamic law that is reguarded as an offense against god
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Tazir crime
a minor violation of islamic law against society
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Alibi
" based on premise that the def. is truly innocent" A statement or contention by an individual charged with a crime that he or she was so distant when the crime was commited, or so engaged in other provable activities that ther participation in the commision of the crime is impossible.
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Procedural defense
Claiming that the def. was discriminated against in the justice process or that some important aspect of the trial process was not followed
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alter ego role
rule of law that holds that a person can only defend a 3rd party under circumstance and only to the degree that they third party could legally act on its behalf.
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M'Naghten Rule
rule for determining insanity that askes whether the defendent knew what he or she was doing or if they knew it was wrong
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The Durham Rule
a person is not criminally resonsable for actions (crime) due to mental disease or deficit.
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Entrapment
improper or illegal inducement to crime by agents of law enforcment
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