H320

Federal legislation enacted in response to post World War II proclamation of a shortage of hospitals and health providers. Hill Burton provided funding to build hospitals in rural areas. The act influenced the distribution of hospitals by creating financial incentives to place them in rural and other underserved areas where they might not otherwise have been established.

Required government bodies aided by consumer groups to review and approve or disapprove health facility capital expenditures, both for new and replacement capital projects.

A classification of hospital that indicates a facility, usually a not-for-profit hospital that is developed in and operated by the community.

A hospital that is organized as a legal, tax-paying entity, and financed by shareholders who expect some return on their investment (also called proprietary).

A hospital unaffiliated with any other or with a hospital system.

Hospital structured as a 501 (c) (3) organization under the IRS code. Profit from operations are reinvested in the organization.

A government-supported hospital, at the federal, state, or local level.

A tertiary or higher-level hospital, including academic health centers, that participates in the on-site training of physicians and other types of health personnel.

The only general, acute care hospital available in a service area.

A for-profit hospital that has physicians as investor / owners.

The organization of a number of hospitals, from several to many, into a system that provides direction and administrative services from a central office.

Rural hospitals that meet certain eligibility requirements to receive cost-based Medicare reimbursement.

THREE CENTRAL LINES OF AUTHORITY FOR HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION:

HOSPITAL LONG TERM DEBT FINANCING METHODS:

Development of a continuum of care, from health promotion to palliative care.

A hospital extends its reach to capture and control more services that lead to inpatient hospitalization (without necessarily expanding its continuum of care: for example, hiring primary care physicians).

Provide services targeted towards a specific disease or major human function / system (for example, an orthopedics hospital).

Combined federal and state program that provides additional funding to hospitals that treat a higher percentage of Medicare and / or Medicaid patients.

A not-for-profit hospital is organized as tax-free under the Internal Revenue Service tax code section 501 (C) (3).

A statistical average for the number of days a patient stays, as an inpatient, in a hospital.

A payment system used in managed care in which the provider is paid afixed, predetermined amount on a regular basis (usually monthly) for the provision of all covered benefits to the insured individual.

An ideal view of systematic and continuous health services needed and rendered, beginning with healthy prenatal care and continuing to provision of the appropriate level of care until the end of a life.

An organization that delivers and manages health services under a risk- based arrangement. HMOs usually receive a monthly premium or capitation payment for each enrollee that is based on a projection of what the typical patient will cost.

Education and / or other supportive services that assist individuals or groups to adopt healthy behaviors and /or reduce health risks and increase self-care skills.

A type of HMO where the organization contracts with independent physician practices to provide healthcare for the enrollees. Providers are usually paid on a fee-for-service basis.

A network of health services that integrates providers at various levels of care, as well as a range or continuum of health services in a coordinated fashion.

An umbrella term for a variety of health plans, each of which at some level integrates the financing and delivery of care to an enrolled population.

Basic or general care, traditionally provided by family practice, pediatric, and internal medicine providers.

An intervention that reduces the risk of developing a disease or disorder.

The degree of which the process of medical care increases the probability of outcomes desired by patients and reduces the probability of undesired outcomes, given the state of medical knowledge.

An intervention that slows the progress of a disease or disorder.

An intervention that may or may not slow the progress of a complicated disorder or disease but may ameliorate the individual’s condition.

Averting the onset of disease through such preventive measures as health screenings and maintaining good health practices in physical activity and nutrition.

The change in focus on categories of disease as environmental and other disease agents are conquered. The epidemiologic transition has moved from a focus on communicable diseases to a focus on chronic diseases.

Education and / or other supportive services that assist individuals or groups to adopt healthy behaviors and /or reduce health risks and increase self-care skills.

Emphasizes the health of a population in the areas of occupational health and safety, environmental health, food safety, and oral health. The primary responsibility for health protection resides in the public health sector.

An intervention that reduces the risk of developing a disease or disorder.

An intervention that slows the progress of a disease or disorder.

An intervention that may or may not slow the progress of a complicated disorder or disease but may ameliorate the individual’s condition.

Care for episodic and chronic conditions and for health maintenance. Ambulatory care is typically provided in a non-institutional setting; however, a hospital stay of less than 24 hours is considered “ambulatory”.

The use of a health services provider to screen access to specialists by enrollees in some types of managed care plans.

An advanced practice nurse, sometimes referred to as a mid-level provider or practitioner.

A mid-level practitioner trained in the medical model of providing health services.

Basic or general care, traditionally provided by family practice, pediatric, and internal medicine providers.

Includes special ambulatory medical services and common-place inpatient hospital acute care. A secondary care visit can be to a hospital outpatient department or emergency room, a diagnostic center, ambulatory surgery center, physician specialist in his/her office, or other ambulatory provider.

A way to measure which populations are using particular health services and to what extent.

A specialty center for childbirth that generally provide a more comfortable and home-like atmosphere (less institutional) than a hospital environment.

Highly specialized care administered to patients who have complicated medical conditions or require high-risk pharmaceutical treatments or surgery by specialists and sub-specialists in a setting that houses high-technology and intensive care services.

High levels of specialized care provided predominantly at academic health centers (AHCs).

A tertiary level or higher hospital, including AHCs, that participate in the on-site training of physicians and other types of health personnel.

Research related to the care and treatment of patients with illness or disease.

A functional assessment scale of the ability of an individual to perform key activities, such as toileting, transferring from a bed to a chair, dressing, and eating.

A form of long-term care provided during the work day, then the patient is return to the usual source of care / residence.

An optional Medicaid benefit that allows states to design and implement services at a community level to deter or prevent more costly institutionalization for vulnerable populations.

Personal care, housekeeping, and chore services or health services, provided in a patient’s home. These services are furnished under a plan established and periodically reviewed by a physician.

A functional assessment scale that measures the ability of individuals to function independently by determining their ability to perform such activities as using the telephone, doing light housework, and managing money.

Services that address the health, social, and personal care needs of individuals who have never developed or have lost the capacity for self-care on a permanent or intermittent basis.

A formal waiver by CMS providing permission to offer a unique set of services to a subset of the Medicaid population.

Care available for short periods to an impaired person being cared for in a family setting. Respite care allows family members to get temporary relief from the constant demands of caring for an impaired individual.

The use of income and assets to pay for health services in order to achieve a level of means that makes one eligible for certain social and health services particularly Medicaid services.

An organization that provides both medical and social services in an integrated delivery system to frail elderly persons.

“End of life” or care offered during a person’s terminal illness when no other therapeutic treatments hold promise.

Ethical issue of whether and when individuals may choose to end their life when their functional status is compromised or the pain from a terminal condition becomes unmanageable.

A document that spells out a patient’s desires and wishes as it relates to medical providers rendering care and treatment when it is uncertain as to the efficacy of additional therapeutic treatments.

Provided to ease pain, suffering and stress of a terminal illness when no other medical or surgical interventions are available to ameliorate the condition.