Civil War Exam #2

invented steel plow 1837

patented the reaper 1830's

developed vulcanized rubber (Goodyear Tires)

patented the sewing machine 1846

invented the foot treadle 1851

perfected the telegraph (morse code)

• made first successful steamboat trip
• 1807 on Clermont River

• wrote the textbook, blue-backed speller
• compiled a dictionary, 1828
• tried to get people to talk less British

• pushed for compulsory(required) education 
• opened a college
• liked public school

• went to prisons to teach
• opened the first mental hospital

movement against slavery

• wrote the Liberator
• Popular in the North
• called for immediate emancipation without compensation

lead the bloodiest slave rebellion in the history of slavery (Virginia)

do away with slavery

most famous speaker for the Anti-slavery society

• Created the underground railroad
• escaped from slavery in Maryland
• she returned and saved 300 slaves
• helped a network of people reach the North for freedom

• 1848 
• Seneca Falls convention
• started the national campaign for equality for women

belief that America's destiny was to expand to the West Coast

• founder of the Mormons
• believed in polygamy

• Rio Grande river is recognized as the border for Texas
• United states receives California and New Mexico
• Paid Spain $15 million for 1.2 million acres

U.S. paid 10$ million for the small piece of land South of the Gila River

tried to keep slavery out of the New territory acquired from Mexico

• California became a free state
• popular sovereignty would decide whether or not a territory has slavery in the new territory
• stronger fugitive slave law

supposed to return slaves to the South that escaped to the North

• Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852
• 300,000 copies sold in the first year
• used propaganda to change opinions

• Kansas territory divided into 2
• repealed the Missouri Compromise
• Popular sovereignty would decide all states

• 1857
• Dred Scott was a slave who was taken by his owner to a free state and said he was free because he went to a free state, and took his owner to court
• A black man can't sue anyone
• being on free territory did not make a slave free

slavery could exist in a territory if people pass laws to protect it

• 1859
• attempt to free Virginia Slaves at Harper Ferry's Virgina

• 4 candidates, Lincoln won
• Southern Democrat: John Breckinridge
• Northern Republican: Abraham Lincoln
• Constitutional Union: John Bell
• Northern Democrat: Stephan Douglas

• South Carolina
• Mississippi

First and only president of the Confederate States

• Alabama
• temporary location of the Confederate Capital

• Virginia
• permanent capital of the Confederate States

• First battle of the Civil War
• In south Carolina
• April 12, 1861
• No deaths
• War officially began

Election of Lincoln, Southerners felt bullied by the North when he was elected, State's rights regarding Taxation and Slavery, abolitionism, slavery, sectionalism

• slave states that did not secede
• Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, and Kentucky

• Double population
• double the railroads
• 5 times as many factories
• produced more food
• strong civilian leadership

• Defending is easier than attacking
• export of cotton
• strong military leadership
• sweet tea

• First major battle of the war
• called Bull run in the south 
• called 1st manassas in the North
• Linear Tactics (fought in lines)
• South wins 
• July 1, 1861

• Naval Blockade
• attack Richmond and disperse government
• control the Mississippi River

Naval Blockade so South can't get supplies from other countries

Famous Confederate Army Leader

• September 17, 1862
• Bloodiest single day of the Civil War
• 23,000 people died on this day alone

• the South was hoping for their support because of "King Cotton"
• they didn't like slavery so they remain neutral

• 1863
• Abraham Lincoln frees all slaves in states that are still in rebellion
• didn't free staves in border states

a draft for soldiers

• turning point in the war
• July 1-3 1863
• South doesn't win a battle after this one

• July 4, 1863
• Vicksburg was taken under siege by the North and eventually surrendered

Commander of the Confederate forces in Vicksburg

• official surrender of the South
• Lee surrenders to Grant
• near Appomattox Court house in Virginia

• assasination of Abraham Lincoln 
• Killed by John Wilkes Booth

Leader of the Union Army

• said by Abraham Lincoln
• See sheet!

• Pardoned any Confederate who would take an oath of allegiance to the U.S. excluding military leaders
• when 10% of voters take an oath of allegiance the state draws up a new constitution and readmitted to the U.S.

rebuild and restore the Southern state back into the Union

abolished slavery

Gave food and clothing to help former slaves

laws aimed at regulating the economic and social lives of freed slaves

made former slaves citizenship

divided the South into 5 military districts to ensure the treatment of slaves

all black males are given the right to vote