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Interspinalis and Intertransverse muscles
attach: between spinous processes (interspinalis); between transverse processes (intertransverse)innerv: dorsal rami of spinal nerves action: aids in extension and rotation of vertebral column (interspinales); aids in lateral bending and stabilizing vertebral column (intertransverse)
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Transversospinales Group (semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores together)
attach: transverse processes & spinous processes of vertebraeinnerv: dorsal rami of spinal nerves action: extend, laterally bend (or flex), rotate, and stabilize the vertebral column
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Erector Spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, andspinalis together
attach: cervical, thoracic, inf. lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, iliac crest, ribs,mastoid process (of temporal bone) innerv: dorsal rami of spinal nerves. action: extend the vertebral column and head & laterally bend/flex the vertebral column
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Splenius Cervicis
attach: T3-T6 spinous processes, C1-C4 transverse processes innerv: dorsal rami nerves.action: extend & laterally bend (or flex) the neck
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Splenius Capitis
attach: ligamentum nuchae, C7 – T4 vert., mastoid process & occipital boneinnerv: dorsal rami nerves.action: extend & laterally bend (or flex) the neck
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Serratus Posterior Inferior
attach: T11-L2 vert., thoracolumbar fascia, ribs 9-12innerv: T10-T12 intercostal nerves action: depresses ribs (accessory muscle of respiration)
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Serratus Posterior Superior
attach: C7-T3 vert., ligamentum nuchae, ribs 2-5innerv: T1-T3 intercostal (ventral rami) nerves action: elevates ribs (accessory muscle of respiration)
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Latissimus Dorsi
attach: T7-T12 vert., ribs 10-12, iliac crest, humerus (bicipital or intertubercular groove)innerv: thoracodorsal n. action: extends, adducts, & medially rotates humerus
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Levator Scapulae
attach: C1-C4 vertebrae, scapula (near superior angle)innerv: dorsal scapular n. action: elevates & inferiorly rotates scapula
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Rhomboids (Major and Minor together)
attach: C7-T5 vertebrae., scapula (medial border from spine to inferior angle) innerv: dorsal scapular n.action: retracts, inferiorly rotates, and stabilizes scapula
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Trapezius
attach: occipital bone, C7-T12 vertebrae., clavicle, scapula (acromion & spine)innerv: spinal accessory n. (CN XI)action: superior fibers - elevate scapula, middle fibers retract scapula, inferior fibers depress scapulae,superior & inferior fibers together - cause upward or superior rotation of scapula
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pectoralis major
attach: sternum, costal cartilages 1-6, clavicle bicipital groove of the humerus.nerve: medial & lateral pectoral nervesaction: adducts & medially rotates humerus; clavicular head (acting alone) flexes humerus; sternocostal head (acting alone) extends humerus from flexed position
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pectoralis minor
attach: scapula (coracoid process); ribs 3-5.nerve: medial pectoral nerveaction: stabilizes & protracts scapula
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serratus anterior
attach: ribs 1-9 medial border of the scapulanerve: long thoracic (C5-7)action: protracts scapula; raises ribs when scapula is fixed; stabilizes scapula
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subclavius
nerve: nerve to subclavius action: draws clavicle inferiorly & anteriorly, protects deeper structures
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subscapularis(rotator cuff muscle)
nerve: upper and lower subscapular ns.action: medial rotation & adduction of arm
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teres minor (rotator cuff muscle)
- attach: lateral border of
- scapula greater tubercle of humerusnerve: axillary n.action: lateral rotation of arm
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infraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)
attach: infraspinous fossa of scapula greater tubercle of humerusnerve: suprascapular n.action: lateral rotation of arm
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supraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)
attach: supraspinous fossa of scapula greater tubercle of humerusnerve: suprascapular n.action: abduction of arm
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teres major
nerve:: lower subscapular n.action: adduction & medial rotation of arm
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deltoid
attach: clavicle (lateral 1/3), acromion & spine of scapula deltoid tuberosity of humerusnerve: axillary n.action: anterior fibers: flexes & medially rotates arm middle fibers: abducts arm posterior fibers: extends & laterally rotates arm
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