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Composition of molecules of Carbohydrates
- Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen
- Rings
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Monomers of Carbohydrates
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Polymers of carbohydrates
- Disaccharides: Sucrose, maltose, lactose
- animals: Glycogen
- plants: starch
- cellulose fiber
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functions of carbohydrates
- Glucose in blood for quick, available energy
- Disaccharides in fruits, milk and malt barley
- Polysaccharide starch as energy source in plants
- Cellulose of cell walls in plants provide fibre
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Composition of molecules of Lipids
- Carbon, hydrogen, less oxygen than carbohydrates
- Hydrophobic
- chains or rings
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Monomers of lipids
- Glycerol
- Fatty acids for triglycerides
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polymers of lipids
- triglycerides
- phospholipids
- lipoproteins
- cholesterol/steroid
- fat soluble vitamins
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functions of lipids
- triglyceride for energy storage in adipose tissue
- phospholipids in membranes
- cholesterol for strengthening cel membranes
- lipoproteins for transport
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composition of molecules of protein
- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
- chains
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monomers of proteins
amino acids
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polymers of proteins
- polypeptides
- proteins
- enzymes
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functions of proteins
- structural proteins
- hormones
- neurotransmitters
- cytoskeleton of cells
- membrane proteins
- enzymes
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composition of molecules of nucleic acids
cardon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous chains
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monomers of nucleic acids
- nucleotides: cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine (DNA) uracil (RNA)
- ATP
- ADP
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polymers of nucleic acids
-
functions of nucleic acids
- Genetic information associated with chromosomes
- protein synthesis
- ATP for energy
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